A nurse overhears a client who has schizophrenia talking to herself. The client keeps stating "The muxtranks are coming. The muntranks are coming. The nurse correctly recognizes the client's use of the word mazuka as an example of which of the following alterations in speech?
Neologism
Clang association
Echolalla
Word salad
The Correct Answer is A
A. Neologism.
Neologism is a language disturbance in which the individual creates new, idiosyncratic words that have meaning only to the individual. In this case, the client's use of "mazuka" is an example of a neologism as it is a made-up word that holds significance only for the client.
B. Clang association involves the association of words based on sound rather than meaning.
C. Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others.
D. Word salad refers to a jumble of words and phrases that lack coherent meaning or logical connection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Checking the bruises at the next visit may delay necessary intervention. If abuse is suspected, immediate action, such as reporting, is essential to protect the client.
B. Following the agency's guidelines for reporting suspected abuse is the priority when abuse is suspected. Reporting abuse to the appropriate authorities, such as adult protective services or law enforcement, is crucial to ensure the safety and well-being of the older adult.
C. Instituting more frequent visits to the client's home might be part of a safety plan, but it should not be the first action. Reporting suspected abuse is the priority to involve the appropriate authorities.
D. Arranging a referral for family therapy is not the first step in suspected elder abuse. Safety and protection of the older adult take precedence. Once the immediate safety concerns are addressed, additional interventions, such as family therapy, may be considered.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Avoid foods that contain tyramine" is not relevant to fluoxetine. Tyramine restriction is a concern with certain medications, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), but not with SSRIs like fluoxetine.
B. "Plan to discontinue this medication as soon as your depression is relieved" is not advisable. Discontinuing an antidepressant abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and may not allow for the full resolution of depressive symptoms. The decision to discontinue medication should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.
C. "Expect that your mood might take one to three weeks to begin improving" is a crucial piece of information to provide because fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), often takes a few weeks to start exerting its therapeutic effects. It's important for the client to understand that the full benefits of the medication may not be felt immediately.
D. "Stop taking this medication if weight loss or gain occurs" is not an appropriate instruction. Weight changes are potential side effects of fluoxetine, but the decision to continue or discontinue the medication should be based on consultation with a healthcare provider. Abruptly stopping medication without medical guidance can lead to withdrawal symptoms and is not recommended.
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