A nurse-researcher is investigating the effects of teaching with a group of adolescents who have type 1 diabetes. The teenaged subjects were taught about nutrition, wound care, and maintenance of normal blood sugar levels. Which research design provides the best indication of the effects of this teaching?
Longitudinal.
Experimental,
Cross-sectional.
Descriptive.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Longitudinal studies follow the same group of subjects over a long period, which may not be feasible or practical for investigating the immediate effects of teaching.
B. Experimental designs involve the manipulation of an independent variable (teaching about nutrition, wound care, and maintenance of normal blood sugar levels) to observe its effects on a dependent variable (such as knowledge retention or behavior change). This design allows for the comparison of outcomes between a group that receives the intervention and a control group, providing the best indication of the effects of the teaching intervention.
C. Cross-sectional studies examine different groups at a single point in time and may not provide the best indication of the effects of teaching over time.
D. Descriptive studies aim to describe characteristics or behaviors of a population but do not typically involve interventions or manipulation of variables.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Seeking IRB approval during the time that study assumptions are being described may be premature, as the study methodology has not yet been finalized.
B. IRB approval should be sought before the study methodology is implemented to ensure that ethical standards are met and participant rights are protected throughout the research process.
C. Seeking IRB approval as soon as a list of potential research problems is identified may be premature, as the study design and methodology may still undergo revisions.
D. Waiting until just before the findings are disseminated to seek IRB approval is too late in the research process and may pose ethical concerns if participant rights were not adequately protected throughout the study.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The preference of subjects in a qualitative study does not necessarily indicate the effectiveness of the teaching method.
B. Cost analysis does not directly address the effectiveness of the teaching method in achieving desired outcomes.
C. A randomized controlled trial comparing individual and group education is the most appropriate study design to determine the effectiveness of each method.
D. A descriptive study might show an association between individual teaching and blood glucose levels but does not provide evidence of effectiveness compared to group education.
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