A nurse-researcher is investigating the effects of teaching with a group of adolescents who have type 1 diabetes. The teenaged subjects were taught about nutrition, wound care, and maintenance of normal blood sugar levels. Which research design provides the best indication of the effects of this teaching?

What type of research design is used in the research study described in this statement? "To detect differences in the knowledge levels of older adults regarding osteoporosis, subjects were randomly assigned to a control group, which received printed materials, and an experimental group, which received computerized instruction. The same pretest and posttest were administered to all subjects."

The findings of a study indicated that hospitalizations of children with asthma decreased by 25% for those children who participated in a nurse-coordinated care program as compared with those who received standard care. Data analysis indicated that there was a 1% chance that these findings could have occurred by chance alone. How should the nurse report this finding?

The nurse who works in a diabetes management clinic reviews several research articles to determine if individual or group education is the most effective teaching method for the clinic's clients. Which study provides the best evidence?

Which key element should the nurse include in this evidence-based research question: "Does the use of guided imagery improve pain relief when used in conjunction with oral analgesics?"

In a study of hypertension among elementary school students, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of each child in one school was measured one time at the end of a school year. This is an example of which study design?

Which statement reflects an operational definition for the term "nurse" used in this research question?

"Are nurses who work as full-time staff members more likely to retire before age 65 than nurses who work as full-time managers of the same units?"

Which interpretation of this statement of findings is accurate? "Several characteristics were positively associated (p <.05) with nurses' attitudes about hospice care for terminally ill clients. Nurses who reported having had oncology experience, having cared for a close friend or family member who had used hospice, and being satisfied with interactions with hospice caregivers were more likely to have discussed hospice care with terminally ill clients."

Which is the dependent variable in this statement of the purpose of a research study?

"To examine barriers and aids to maintaining the nutritional health of community-dwelling older residents based on their perspectives."

Several research designs are being considered to investigate this research question: "What is the difference in pain perception reported by clients on their first day postoperative when different types of pain management are provided?" Which research design should be dropped from further consideration because it involves unethical practice?

The nurse-researcher wants to evaluate the effectiveness of guided imagery in reducing stress prior to starting an IV. In the research proposal, several studies are reported in the review of the literature section about the use of biofeedback to reduce anxiety prior to invasive procedures. Which significance level and sample size provide the greatest support for the findings reported?