A nurse wants to have a better understanding of the physiological effects of selected chemicals. Which of the following individuals would provide the most useful information to the nurse?

Toxicologist

Chemist

Epidemiologist

Pharmacist

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Toxicologist: Toxicologists specialize in studying the effects of chemicals on living organisms, including how chemicals interact with biological systems and potential toxic effects.

B. Chemist: A chemist studies the properties, composition, and reactions of substances but may not focus on physiological effects on the body.

C. Epidemiologist: An epidemiologist studies disease patterns in populations, including environmental exposures, but does not specialize in the physiological effects of chemicals.

D. Pharmacist: A pharmacist specializes in medications, including their mechanisms and interactions, but may not have in-depth knowledge of all chemical toxins.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Risk communication: Risk communication involves informing the public about health risks but does not specifically address social inequalities in environmental hazards.

B. Tertiary prevention: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing existing health conditions, not preventing environmental injustices.

C. Environmental epidemiology: Environmental epidemiology studies the relationship between environmental exposures and health outcomes but does not directly advocate against environmental injustice.

D. Environmental justice: Environmental justice focuses on ensuring that all communities, regardless of race or socioeconomic status, receive equal protection from environmental hazards. Opposing the construction of a waste site in a disadvantaged area aligns with this principle.

A. Abstinence is the only way to be certain you are HIV free. B. The test would not cover any recent infection, so if the client has had recent unprotected sex, the test should be repeated in 3 months. C. The test could be wrong and the client might still have an HIV infection. D. Sex should be restricted to one partner.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Abstinence is the only way to be certain you are HIV free: While abstinence eliminates the risk, it is not the only preventive measure. Safer sex practices, such as condom use and PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), can significantly reduce the risk of HIV.

B. The test would not cover any recent infection, so if the client has had recent unprotected sex, the test should be repeated in 3 months. HIV has a "window period" during which recent infections may not yet be detectable. Retesting in 3 months ensures accuracy and proper diagnosis.

C. The test could be wrong and the client might still have an HIV infection: Modern HIV tests are highly accurate, but recent infections may not be detected. Instead of causing unnecessary distress, the focus should be on retesting after the window period.

D. Sex should be restricted to one partner: Monogamy does not guarantee HIV prevention unless both partners are tested and remain faithful. The emphasis should be on safe sex practices.

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A nurse wants to have a better understanding of the physiological effects of selected chemicals. Which of the following individuals would provide the most useful information to the nurse?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A city has announced its plans to build a city dump near a community of poor and predominantly African-American citizens. Which of the following principles would the nurse be using when vocalizing opposition for this plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client was clearly very relieved when an HIV test came back negative. "Thank goodness. I've had sex several times without a condom, and when one of my friends said he was sick, I think I panicked." Which of the following would be most important to emphasize to the client immediately?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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