A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has an infratentorial brain tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of increased intracranial pressure?

Decreased attention span

Hyperactivity

Tachycardia

Hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Decreased attention span is a common manifestation of increased intracranial pressure, as pressure on the brain can affect cognitive function.

B. Hyperactivity is not typically associated with increased intracranial pressure. It would be more common for the child to exhibit lethargy or irritability.

C. Tachycardia is not a primary symptom of increased intracranial pressure. Typically, bradycardia (slow heart rate) is seen in cases of severe intracranial pressure.

D. Hypotension is not usually associated with increased intracranial pressure. In fact, increased intracranial pressure often leads to elevated blood pressure and a widening pulse pressure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevating the head of the bed may be useful after airway management but is not the priority in anaphylaxis.

B. Administering IM epinephrine is the priority action in anaphylaxis, as it works rapidly to reverse the symptoms by constricting blood vessels, relaxing smooth muscles, and improving breathing.

C. Determining the allergen is important for future prevention, but the immediate priority is treating the reaction.

D. While establishing IV access is important for fluid resuscitation, it is not the priority over administering epinephrine in anaphylaxis.

A. Keep the infant NPO for 6 hr prior the procedure. B. Hold the infant's chin to his chest and knees to his abdomen during the procedure. C. Apply a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine cream topically 15 min prior to the procedure. D. Place the infant in an infant seat for 2 hr following the procedure.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Typically, infants are kept NPO for 1-2 hours before a lumbar puncture, not 6 hours.

B. Holding the infant’s chin to the chest and knees to the abdomen during the lumbar puncture is the correct positioning. This position opens the intervertebral spaces and allows for easier access to the spinal cord.

C. Eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) cream should be applied 60 minutes before the procedure for effective local anesthesia, not 15 minutes.

D. After the procedure, the infant should be placed flat to avoid pressure on the lumbar area, not in an infant seat. The infant should be positioned on their back or side to prevent strain.

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A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has an infratentorial brain tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of increased intracranial pressure?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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