A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has an infratentorial brain tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of increased intracranial pressure?

Decreased attention span

Hyperactivity

Tachycardia

Hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Decreased attention span is a common manifestation of increased intracranial pressure, as pressure on the brain can affect cognitive function.

B. Hyperactivity is not typically associated with increased intracranial pressure. It would be more common for the child to exhibit lethargy or irritability.

C. Tachycardia is not a primary symptom of increased intracranial pressure. Typically, bradycardia (slow heart rate) is seen in cases of severe intracranial pressure.

D. Hypotension is not usually associated with increased intracranial pressure. In fact, increased intracranial pressure often leads to elevated blood pressure and a widening pulse pressure.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Polyuria is more commonly seen in hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia, so it is unlikely to be present with a blood glucose level of 55 mg/dL.

B. Dry, flushed skin is typically a sign of hyperglycemia (e.g., in diabetic ketoacidosis), not hypoglycemia.

C. Deep, rapid respirations are a symptom of metabolic acidosis or severe hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.

D. Tachycardia is a common compensatory response to hypoglycemia, as the body tries to increase glucose delivery to tissues.

A. Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min. B. Apply ice at the base of the nose for 5 min and then check for bleeding. C. Place the child in a sitting position with her head tilted back. D. Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her back.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The child should sit upright with the head tilted forward to prevent blood from flowing down the throat, which could cause choking or aspiration. Applying pressure on the nostrils for 10 minutes is an effective method for stopping most nosebleeds.

B. While ice may help constrict blood vessels, it is not the primary intervention for a nosebleed. Holding pressure is more effective.

C. Tilting the head back can cause blood to flow into the throat and potentially lead to choking or vomiting.

D. Lying the child supine increases the risk of blood flowing into the throat and airway, making it unsafe.

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A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has an infratentorial brain tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of increased intracranial pressure?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A parent calls the pediatric clinic to report that her child has a bloody nose. The nurse should give the parent which of the following instructions to stop the bleeding?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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