A patient has been admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of DKA. What vital signs should a nurse anticipate that the patient will exhibit?

Temperature, 98° F; pulse, 84 beats/min; respirations, 18 breaths/min and shallow

Temperature, 99° F; pulse, 62 beats/min; respirations, 16 breaths/min and shallow

Temperature, 97.4° F; pulse, 110 beats/min; respirations, 26 breaths/min and deep

Temperature, 98.6° F; pulse, 76 beats/min; respirations, 16 breaths/min and deep

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Normal pulse and respiratory rates do not indicate the expected tachycardia or Kussmaul respirations in DKA.
B. This option shows a slower heart rate, which is not typical of DKA where tachycardia is expected.
C. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), clients typically exhibit tachycardia due to dehydration and deep, rapid Kussmaul respirations as the body attempts to correct the acidosis.
D. The vital signs in this option do not reflect the expected findings of DKA, such as tachycardia and deep respirations.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Wearing closed-toed shoes daily is important for foot protection but does not address the root cause of diabetic complications.
B. Annual eye examinations are essential, but they are part of a broader strategy for monitoring and preventing complications rather than the most critical preventive measure.
C. Examining feet daily can help detect injuries or complications early, but it does not prevent the underlying issues associated with diabetes.
D. Maintaining stable blood glucose levels is the most important action because it directly impacts the risk of developing complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. Good glycemic control helps prevent the progression of these conditions.

A. 2-hr blood glucose 132 mg/dL B. Fasting blood glucose 155 mg/dL C. Casual blood glucose 178 mg/dL D. HbA1c 5.2%

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A 2-hour blood glucose of 132 mg/dL is within normal limits, as levels under 140 mg/dL are considered normal after an oral glucose tolerance test.
B. A fasting blood glucose level of 155 mg/dL is above the normal threshold (greater than 126 mg/dL indicates diabetes).
C. A casual blood glucose of 178 mg/dL suggests hyperglycemia but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes unless associated with symptoms.
D. An HbA1c of 5.2% is well within the normal range (below 5.7%).

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A patient has been admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of DKA. What vital signs should a nurse anticipate that the patient will exhibit?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

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