A patient has been admitted with dehydration and is prescribed IV fluids and medications. Over a 12-hour shift, the following intake and output data are recorded:
Intake:
1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's administered via IV over 8 hours. 250 mL of an antibiotic infusion.
The patient drank 3 cups of water (1 cup = 240 mL).
Output:
Urine output was 1,200 mL. The patient vomited 300 mL.
Wound drainage amounted to 150 mL.
Calculate the net fluid balance
The Correct Answer is ["320"]
Net fluid balance = Total intake - Total output
Rationale:
Total intake:
IV fluids: 1,000 mL
Antibiotic infusion: 250 mL
Oral intake: 3 cups x 240 mL = 720 mL
Total intake = 1,000 + 250 + 720 = 1,970 mL Total output:
Urine: 1,200 mL
Vomiting: 300 mL Wound drainage: 150 mL
Total output = 1,200 + 300 + 150 = 1,650 mL
Net fluid balance = 1,970 mL - 1,650 mL = +320 mL
The patient has a positive fluid balance of 320 mL.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Genetics play a significant role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). Having a family history of MS increases the risk, suggesting a hereditary component to the condition.
B. Environmental factors, such as living in areas with low sunlight or viral infections like Epstein-Barr virus, have been linked to a higher incidence of MS, suggesting environmental triggers may contribute to disease onset.
C. Upper respiratory infections are not directly associated with the development of multiple sclerosis. While infections may trigger MS flare-ups, they are not primary contributors to its development.
D. Autoimmune factors are central to the pathophysiology of MS, where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the central nervous system, causing the characteristic lesions and nerve damage seen in MS.
E. Urinary tract infections are common complications in individuals with MS, but they do not contribute to the disease's development itself.
Correct Answer is ["D","F","G","H"]
Explanation
A. A high-fiber diet is generally beneficial for gastrointestinal health but does not directly relate to peptic ulcer disease.
B. Chronic diarrhea is not typically a symptom of peptic ulcer disease.
C. Weight gain is not commonly associated with peptic ulcers, though weight loss due to nausea or pain may occur.
D. Burning stomach pain between meals or at night is a classic symptom of peptic ulcers, often caused by gastric acid.
E. Coughing and wheezing are not associated with peptic ulcers, but may indicate other conditions like asthma.
F. Helicobacter pylori infection is a leading cause of peptic ulcers, and its presence supports this diagnosis.
G. The use of NSAIDs is a well-known risk factor for peptic ulcers, as they can damage the stomach lining.
H. A positive urea breath test indicates the presence of H. pylori, supporting a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease.
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