A patient has symptoms of lethargy, oliguria, and itchy and dry skin. The patient also has chronic conditions including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Blood workup shows a drastic decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit.
Which condition is described?
Polycystic kidney disease
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypertensive kidney disease
The Correct Answer is B
ESRD is a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and fluid from the blood, resulting in a buildup of toxins and fluid in the body. ESRD can cause symptoms such as lethargy, oliguria (reduced urine output), and itchy and dry skin due to uremia (high levels of urea in the blood). ESRD can also cause anemia (low levels of red blood cells), which can explain the decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit. ESRD can be caused by chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease, which damage the kidneys over time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A cerebral concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury that occurs when a blow to the head causes the brain to move rapidly inside the skull, resulting in temporary changes in brain function. A concussion can cause confusion, memory loss, impaired concentration, dizziness, headache, nausea, blurred vision, and mood changes. Most concussions resolve within a few days or weeks with rest and monitoring.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Naïve T cells are a type of white blood cell that has not encountered a specific antigen before and are ready to respond to new infections. As people age, the number of naïve T cells decreases due to the shrinking of the thymus gland, which produces and matures T cells. This reduces the ability of the immune system to recognize and fight new pathogens and lowers the effectiveness of vaccines.
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