A patient has symptoms of lethargy, oliguria, and itchy and dry skin. The patient also has chronic conditions including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Blood workup shows a drastic decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Which condition is described?

Polycystic kidney disease

End-stage renal disease

Renal cell carcinoma

Hypertensive kidney disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

ESRD is a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and fluid from the blood, resulting in a buildup of toxins and fluid in the body. ESRD can cause symptoms such as lethargy, oliguria (reduced urine output), and itchy and dry skin due to uremia (high levels of urea in the blood). ESRD can also cause anemia (low levels of red blood cells), which can explain the decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit. ESRD can be caused by chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease, which damage the kidneys over time.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Hemodialysis is a type of dialysis that uses an external machine (an artificial kidney) to filter the blood of waste and excess fluid. Hemodialysis requires access to a large blood vessel, usually through an arteriovenous fistula or graft in the arm or leg.

A. Kidneys excrete more H* and retain more HCO3 B. Respirations decrease in rate and depth. C. Respirations increase in rate and depth. D. Kidneys retain more H and excrete more HCO3-

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Acidosis is a condition where the blood's pH is lowered due to an excess of H+ in the body. This can occur due to metabolic causes, such as diabetes, kidney failure, ingestion of toxins, or respiratory causes, such as hypoventilation or lung disease. The body has several mechanisms to compensate for acidosis and restore the normal pH balance. One of them is to increase the rate and depth of breathing, which helps to remove CO2 from the body and reduce the formation of H2CO3.

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A patient has symptoms of lethargy, oliguria, and itchy and dry skin. The patient also has chronic conditions including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Blood workup shows a drastic decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit. Which condition is described?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 55-year-old patient is in the dialysis clinic for acute renal failure treatment. The nurse connects the patient to an artificial kidney, which removes waste material from the blood Which treatment will the patient's chart indicate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

What is an immediate bodily response to acidosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which musculoskeletal disorder is caused by the overextension of muscles or tendons, causing the tearing of small vessels and nerve irritation?

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Which clinical laboratory finding is expected with diabetes insipidus?

A patient has symptoms of lethargy, oliguria, and itchy and dry skin. The patient also has chronic conditions including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Blood workup shows a drastic decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Which condition is described?