A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Clinical findings associated with this disease are
Bounding pedal pulses.
Pedal edema relieved with leg elevation.
Loss of leg hair and shiny skin.
Incompetent valves of the blood vessels in the leg.
The Correct Answer is C
A. In PAD, the pulses in the legs are often weak or absent, not bounding.
B. Pedal edema is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency rather than PAD, and elevating the legs may not alleviate the edema.
C. Loss of leg hair and shiny skin are classic signs of PAD due to reduced blood flow to the extremities, which leads to skin changes and hair loss.
D. Incompetent valves and venous insufficiency are more related to conditions such as chronic venous insufficiency, not PAD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Large amounts of IV fluids are generally not used in ESRD because the kidneys cannot effectively remove excess fluids, potentially worsening fluid overload.
B. Potassium supplements are avoided, as ESRD patients often have elevated potassium levels due to reduced excretion, which can lead to dangerous cardiac complications.
C. While ESRD is serious, postmortem care is premature; many patients manage ESRD with appropriate treatment.
D. Dialysis or kidney transplantation is the standard treatment for ESRD to take over the functions that the kidneys can no longer perform, such as waste removal and fluid balance.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Increased hydrostatic pressure and twisted surface veins are characteristic of varicose veins, not DVT.
B. Venous congestion and edema may be symptoms of DVT but are not primary causes.
C. DVT commonly results from Virchow's triad: venous stasis, hypercoagulability, and injury to the vessel wall, which create an environment for clot formation in deep veins.
D. Plaque rupture, thrombus formation, and infarction are more relevant to arterial conditions, like atherosclerosis, rather than DVT.
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