A patient is prescribed phenytoin for epileptic seizures. Which of the following is the priority for patient teaching?
Teach the patient to adjust the dose according to the presence of symptoms.
Tell the patient to take the medication with meals.
Inform the patient about the prevention of gingival hyperplasia.
Teach the patient to avoid the abrupt cessation of treatment.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: Adjusting the dose based on symptoms is not appropriate for phenytoin. It should be taken consistently as prescribed.
Choice B rationale: While taking phenytoin with meals is a general recommendation, it is not the priority teaching point.
Choice C rationale: Informing the patient about the prevention of gingival hyperplasia is important but not the top priority.
Choice D rationale: Teaching the patient to avoid the abrupt cessation of treatment is crucial. Abruptly stopping phenytoin can lead to seizures, and patients should be advised to taper the medication under medical supervision.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Protamine sulfate is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin, not the effects of alprazolam.
Choice B rationale: Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose and is not effective for alprazolam overdose.
Choice C rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and is not effective for benzodiazepine overdose.
Choice D rationale: This is correct. Flumazenil is a specific antagonist for benzodiazepines and can be used to reverse the sedative effects of alprazolam in the case of overdose.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Phenylephrine can help relieve nasal congestion and improve breathing.
Choice B rationale: Using the nasal spray as often as needed can lead to rebound congestion and should be avoided. Phenylephrine nasal spray should be used according to the healthcare provider's instructions.
Choice C rationale: Increasing oral fluids can help with hydration, especially when using a decongestant nasal spray.
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