Mr. Roberts, a 65-year-old male. presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of severe pain in his right eye. blurred vision, seeing halos around lights, nausea, and vomiting. His right eye is red the cornea appears cloudy, and his intraocular pressure is elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Conjunctivitis

Acute angle-closure glaucoma

Retinal detachment

Migraine with aura

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Conjunctivitis. Conjunctivitis generally presents with redness and discharge but does not cause elevated intraocular pressure, severe pain, or visual disturbances like halos.

B. Acute angle-closure glaucoma. Acute angle-closure glaucoma is characterized by sudden severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, nausea, and vomiting, along with elevated intraocular pressure and a cloudy cornea.

C. Retinal detachment. Retinal detachment may cause sudden vision loss or flashing lights but typically lacks pain, nausea, or vomiting, and does not affect intraocular pressure.

D. Migraine with aura. A migraine with aura may cause visual disturbances but does not present with eye pain, red eye, or elevated intraocular pressure.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Elevated blood pressure. Blood pressure typically drops in hypovolemic shock as blood volume decreases.

B. Warm, flushed skin. As hypovolemic shock progresses, skin becomes cool and clammy due to decreased blood flow and compensatory vasoconstriction.

C. Increased urine output. Hypovolemic shock leads to decreased urine output due to reduced renal perfusion.

D. Increased heart rate. An increased heart rate is an early compensatory response in hypovolemic shock as the body attempts to maintain cardiac output.

A. Pain in the neck when the patient flexes their head towards the chest B. Involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed C. Photophobia and headache triggered by bright light D. Pain and resistance when attempting to extend the patient's leg from a flexed position

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Pain in the neck when the patient flexes their head towards the chest. This describes nuchal rigidity, not Kernig sign.

B. Involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed. This describes Brudzinski sign, not Kernig sign.

C. Photophobia and headache triggered by bright light. These are symptoms of meningitis, but they are not specific to Kernig sign.

D. Pain and resistance when attempting to extend the patient's leg from a flexed position. A positive Kernig sign is when there is pain and resistance to leg extension from a flexed hip and knee position, indicating meningeal irritation.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with active gastrointestinal bleeding is being monitored for complications. Which of the following signs indicates the patient is developing hypovolemic shock?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a patient with suspected bacterial meningitis and notes a positive Kernig sign. How should the nurse interpret this finding?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient with diverticulitis is being treated with oral antibiotics and clear liquids for 2 to 3 days. The nurse recognizes that this treatment is appropriate for which of the following conditions

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A patient with myasthenia gravis is admitted to the hospital with signs of a myasthenic crisis. Which of the following symptoms should the nurses expect to observe?

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who needs to have a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. Which of the following is the best response from the nurse to explain what caused this problem?

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