A patient is scheduled to start taking insulin glargine (Lantus). On the care plan, the nurse should include which of these outcomes related to the therapeutic effects of the medication?

Mealtime coverage of blood glucose

Blood glucose control for 24 hours

Less frequent blood glucose monitoring

Peak effect achieved in 2 to 4 hours

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Glargine provides basal, not insulin, coverage; meal coverage. It maintains steady glucose control, so this is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Insulin glargine offers 24-hour basal glucose control, stabilizing blood sugar without peaks. This is its primary effect, making it the correct outcome.

Choice C reason: Glargine requires regular monitoring, not less frequent monitoring, to ensure control. This is incorrect for the therapeutic outcome.

Choice D reason: Glargine has no peak, unlike short-acting insulins, with effects lasting 24 hours. A 2–4 hour peak is incorrect, so incorrect.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Glucuronidation does not primarily involve fecal excretion; it conjugates drugs for urinary excretion. Hydrolysis is unrelated, and fecal routes are secondary, so this is incorrect for glucuronidation’s role.

Choice B reason: Glucuronidation conjugates drugs, making them water-soluble for transport across renal tubules and excretion in urine. This is the primary mechanism, making it the correct choice for drug elimination.

Choice C reason: Enterohepatic recirculation involves some drugs, but glucuronidation aims for excretion, not recycling. Prolonging drug presence is not the goal, so this is incorrect for the process.

Choice D reason: Glucuronidation facilitates excretion, not reabsorption. Reabsorbing drugs would counteract its purpose of eliminating metabolites, making this incorrect compared to urinary excretion.

A. Reduce intracranial pressure. B. Reduce peripheral edema. C. Restore extracellular fluid. D. Reduce renal perfusion.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, reduces intracranial pressure by drawing fluid from brain tissue into the bloodstream. This is its primary use in head injuries, making it correct.

Choice B reason: Mannitol is not primarily for peripheral edema; it targets cerebral edema. Furosemide is used for peripheral fluid, so this is incorrect for mannitol’s purpose.

Choice C reason: Mannitol removes fluid, not restores it. extracellular fluid, aiming to reduce brain swelling. Restoring fluid is opposite its effect, so this is incorrect.

Choice D reason: Mannitol increases renal perfusion by promoting diuresis, not reducing it. Its main goal is intracranial pressure reduction, so this is incorrect.

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A patient is scheduled to start taking insulin glargine (Lantus). On the care plan, the nurse should include which of these outcomes related to the therapeutic effects of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is explaining drug metabolism to a nursing student who asks about glucuronidation. The nurse knows that this is a process that allows drugs to be:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient who was in a motor vehicle accident sustained a severe head injury and is brought to the emergency department. The provider orders intravenous mannitol (Osmitrol). The nurse knows that this is given to:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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