A patient who is to receive a daily medication by the oral route has had nausea and vomiting for the last 24 hours. The best action to ensure that the patient receives the scheduled dose is to:

Withhold the dose for 1 hour and see whether the nausea subsides.

Have the patient take the pill with sips of water.

Have the patient take the pill with crackers.

Acquire an order to administer by the rectal or parenteral route.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Withholding delays treatment; nausea may persist, risking vomiting of the dose if given later, reducing bioavailability and therapeutic effect over time.

Choice B reason: Sips of water won’t prevent vomiting; with ongoing nausea, the oral dose is likely expelled, decreasing absorption and failing to deliver the medication effectively.

Choice C reason: Crackers may worsen nausea or fail to retain the dose; vomiting risks remain high, compromising oral administration’s reliability in this acute condition.

Choice D reason: Rectal or parenteral routes bypass the stomach, ensuring delivery despite vomiting; this maintains therapeutic levels, critical for efficacy in a nauseated patient.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Topical applies to skin or mucous surfaces broadly; gum/jaw placement is specific to buccal, not the general external or mucosal topical category.

Choice B reason: Oral means swallowed; buccal drugs stay in the mouth for absorption, avoiding the digestive tract, making this an incorrect route classification.

Choice C reason: Buccal involves placement between gum and cheek; it allows direct mucosal absorption into the bloodstream, bypassing first-pass metabolism effectively.

Choice D reason: Sublingual is under the tongue; gum/jaw specifies buccal, as sublingual targets a different oral site with distinct absorption dynamics.

A. The patient is unable to exercise due to severe osteoarthritis in both hips. B. The patient follows a low-carbohydrate, low-protein, high-fat diet. C. The patient has a history of hypertension and diabetic kidney disease. D. The patient has a 35 pack-year history of cigarette smoking.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Osteoarthritis limits mobility; it doesn’t affect kidney function directly, so nephrotoxic drug clearance remains unchanged, not warranting a dose reduction.

Choice B reason: Diet impacts metabolism slightly; low protein may spare kidneys, but it doesn’t indicate impaired clearance requiring adjustment of nephrotoxic medication.

Choice C reason: Diabetic kidney disease with hypertension impairs filtration; reduced glomerular rate necessitates lower nephrotoxic doses to prevent further renal damage.

Choice D reason: Smoking affects lungs primarily; while it may indirectly harm kidneys, it’s less definitive than diabetic nephropathy for needing a reduced dose.

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A patient who is to receive a daily medication by the oral route has had nausea and vomiting for the last 24 hours. The best action to ensure that the patient receives the scheduled dose is to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse explains to a client that the drug administration of a medication is to be placed between the gum and jaw. By which route is the nurse administering this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is to administer a nephrotoxic medication to the patient. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the patient should receive a reduced dosage of the drug?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

When categorizing medications, drug classifications may be defined by the effects of the drug and:

A nurse is administering a dose of insulin to a patient. To practice nursing safely and effectively, the nurse should:

Which is the priority action of the nurse immediately after administration of an intramuscular injection?

In addition to the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal muscles, which of these sites can safely be used for intramuscular injections?

Which of these is the correct way for a nurse to document medication administration?

When the nurse brings pills to the patient, the patient is unable to hold the paper cup with the medications. What should the nurse do?

What is the generic name on the medication? (No medication specified; assuming a common example from context, e.g., Zestril.)

The patient crushes extended-release pain medication tablets in order to obtain relief immediately. Which term describes the action of this patient?