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A patient with diverticulitis is being treated with oral antibiotics and clear liquids for 2 to 3 days. The nurse recognizes that this treatment is appropriate for which of the following conditions

A.

Irritable bowel syndrome

B.

Chronic diverticulosis

C.

Complicated diverticulitis with abscess

D.

Uncomplicated diverticulitis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Irritable bowel syndrome. IBS management typically involves dietary changes, fiber, and stress management, not antibiotics or clear liquids.

B. Chronic diverticulosis. Diverticulosis, when asymptomatic, does not require antibiotics. Treatment focuses on a high-fiber diet to prevent diverticulitis.

C. Complicated diverticulitis with abscess. Complicated diverticulitis may require IV antibiotics, hospitalization, or even surgical intervention if there are abscesses.

D. Uncomplicated diverticulitis. Uncomplicated diverticulitis, without abscess or perforation, is treated with oral antibiotics and a clear liquid diet for bowel rest.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. A clean catch urinalysis and urine culture: A urinalysis and culture are essential to identify the presence of infection, type of bacteria, and appropriate antibiotic sensitivity.

B. Foley catheter placement: Foley catheters are not routinely indicated for suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs) unless there is an issue with urinary retention or other specific medical indication.

C. Broad-spectrum antibiotic: Initiating a broad-spectrum antibiotic may be appropriate while waiting for culture results to address infection.

D. 0.9% sodium chloride infusion at 100 ml/hr: IV fluids are not typically necessary for a UTI unless the patient is dehydrated or unable to take oral fluids.

E. WBC count: A WBC count can help assess the systemic inflammatory response and gauge the severity of the infection.

F. Blood cultures × 2: Blood cultures are generally reserved for cases where a systemic infection or sepsis is suspected, which is not indicated by this patient's symptoms alone.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A,B"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"B"},"G":{"answers":"A,B"}}

Explanation

Polyuria/Polydipsia:

  • Supports both DKA and HHS as both conditions typically exhibit severe dehydration and excessive thirst and urination.

Heart Rate (tachycardia):

  • Consistent with both DKA and HHS due to dehydration and fluid shifts, though heart rate alone does not differentiate the two.

Respirations (Kussmaul's):

  • Suggests DKA; deep, labored Kussmaul respirations typically help compensate for metabolic acidosis, which is characteristic of DKA.

Mental Status (confusion, lethargy):

  • More common in HHS, where very high glucose and osmolality levels often lead to more profound neurologic changes. Can also occur in DKA.

Serum Glucose >600 mg/dL and Serum Osmolality >320 mOsm/kg:

  • Consistent with both DKA and HHS, though more frequently seen in HHS given the higher osmolality. In DKA, serum glucose usually elevated but often lower than in HHS. Osmolality may be increased but not as high as in HHS.

Insidious onset (days to weeks):

  • Suggests HHS, as it often has a slower onset than DKA, which typically presents more acutely.

Infection as precipitating factor:

  • Could support either condition as infections can precipitate both DKA and HHS.

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