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A patient with type 1 DM expresses concern about developing retinopathy due to a chronic disease. How should the nurse reply?

A.

Newer laser surgery can improve sight after retinal hemorrhage.

B.

The high incidence of cataracts can be surgically corrected.

C.

Good control of blood glucose and blood pressure can reduce the risk.

D.

Diabetes is low as a cause for blindness in the United States.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Good control of blood glucose levels and blood pressure is essential in reducing the risk of diabetic retinopathy and its progression. Research has shown that maintaining tight glycemic control and managing hypertension can significantly decrease the likelihood and severity of retinopathy in patients with diabetes.
 
A. Laser surgery is a treatment option for certain complications of diabetic retinopathy, such as retinal hemorrhage or retinal detachment. However, it's essential to emphasize that prevention through good glycemic control and regular eye exams is key to reducing the risk of these complications, rather than relying solely on surgical interventions after they occur.
B. Cataracts are more common in individuals with diabetes and can be surgically corrected but this statement does not directly address the concern about retinopathy. Cataracts and retinopathy are separate ocular complications of diabetes, each requiring different management strategies.
D. Diabetes remains one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States, primarily due to its association with diabetic retinopathy. While advancements in diabetes management and eye care have helped reduce the incidence of blindness, it is still a significant concern for individuals with diabetes.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

HR: 110 bpm; regular - The heart rate has decreased from 115 bpm and is now regular, suggesting improved cardiac rhythm stability.

RR: 24 breaths/min; rapid, deep - The respiratory rate has decreased from 26 breaths/min, indicating less rapid breathing.

BP: 94/56 mm Hg - While the blood pressure remains relatively low, there is a slight improvement compared to the previous reading.

Glucose 460 mg/dl - The glucose level has decreased from 525 mg/dL and 530 mg/dL in previous readings. While still elevated, this indicates some improvement in hyperglycemia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Insulin is typically administered via injections or an insulin pump, not in pill form. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require exogenous insulin to manage their blood sugar levels because their pancreas does not produce insulin.
B. Carbohydrate counting is a fundamental skill for individuals with diabetes, as it allows them to adjust their insulin dosage to match their carbohydrate intake, thereby helping to manage blood sugar levels.
C. Regular foot monitoring is crucial for individuals with diabetes, as they are at increased risk of developing foot problems due to nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation.
D. Maintaining blood glucose levels within the target range (80-130 mg/dL before meals) helps reduce the risk of both short-term complications (e.g., hypoglycemia) and long-term complications (e.g., neuropathy, retinopathy) associated with diabetes.

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