A person with acute pyelonephritis would most typically experience:

Choice A reason: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by airflow obstruction and is typically caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke. While COPD can lead to pulmonary hypertension as a complication, it is not caused by chronic pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, chronic pulmonary hypertension does not directly cause COPD.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis occurs when the lungs cannot remove enough carbon dioxide from the body, leading to a decrease in blood pH. While it can be associated with various respiratory conditions, it is not a direct complication of chronic pulmonary hypertension. Chronic pulmonary hypertension primarily affects the pressure within the pulmonary arteries and the right side of the heart rather than directly causing respiratory acidosis.

Choice C reason: Pulmonary emboli are blood clots that travel to the lungs and can cause sudden obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. While pulmonary emboli can lead to acute pulmonary hypertension, they are not typically caused by chronic pulmonary hypertension. Chronic pulmonary hypertension is usually a result of long-term conditions affecting the pulmonary vasculature, whereas pulmonary emboli are acute events.

Choice D reason: Right heart failure, also known as Cor Pulmonale, is a direct complication of chronic pulmonary hypertension. Chronic pulmonary hypertension increases the pressure in the pulmonary arteries, causing the right side of the heart to work harder to pump blood through the lungs. Over time, this increased workload can lead to right ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the heart muscle) and eventual failure. Cor Pulmonale is a significant consequence of chronic pulmonary hypertension and can lead to symptoms such as edema, ascites, and fatigue.

Choice A reason: Anuria, which is the absence of urine production, is not a typical symptom of acute pyelonephritis. This condition usually presents with symptoms related to inflammation and infection of the kidneys rather than complete cessation of urine output.

Choice B reason: Edema, or swelling due to fluid accumulation, is more commonly associated with chronic kidney diseases or conditions like nephrotic syndrome. Acute pyelonephritis primarily involves an active infection and inflammation rather than fluid retention.

Choice C reason: Fever is a common and significant symptom of acute pyelonephritis. This condition is an infection of the kidneys that often presents with systemic signs of infection such as fever, chills, and malaise. Patients may also experience flank pain, nausea, and vomiting.

Choice D reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can be seen in chronic kidney disease but is not a hallmark symptom of acute pyelonephritis. The acute infection of the kidneys primarily manifests with fever, pain, and urinary symptoms rather than elevated blood pressure.