A pregnant, homeless woman who has received no prenatal care presents to the clinic in her third trimester because she is having vaginal bleeding, but reports that she is not in pain. Ultrasound reveals a placenta previa. Which action should the nurse implement?

Contact social services for a temporary shelter.

Obtain a hemoglobin and hematocrit level.

Have the client transported to the hospital.

Schedule weekly perinatal appointments.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Contact social services for a temporary shelter. While contacting social services is important for the overall care of a homeless pregnant woman, it is not the immediate priority in the presence of placenta previa and vaginal bleeding.

B. Obtain a hemoglobin and hematocrit level. Assessing hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is important to evaluate the extent of blood loss and anemia, but the priority is to ensure the woman’s and fetus’s immediate safety due to placenta previa.

C. Have the client transported to the hospital. This is the correct action. Placenta previa can cause significant bleeding and requires immediate medical attention, including potential delivery. Transporting the client to the hospital ensures she receives the necessary urgent care.

D. Schedule weekly perinatal appointments. Weekly perinatal appointments are important for ongoing care, but in the context of active bleeding and placenta previa, immediate hospital care is necessary first.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Inspection. Papilledema, swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial pressure, is primarily assessed through inspection of the optic disc using an ophthalmoscope. The nurse would look for optic disc swelling and blurred disc margins.

B. Auscultation. Auscultation is not appropriate for assessing papilledema, as it involves listening for sounds such as heart, lung, or bowel sounds.

C. Palpation. Palpation is not appropriate for assessing papilledema, as it involves touching and feeling for abnormalities, which would not be possible with the optic disc.

D. Percussion. Percussion is not appropriate for assessing papilledema, as it involves tapping the body surface to elicit sounds or vibrations, which would not provide information about the optic disc.

A. Crackles. B. Vesicular. C. Bronchial. D. Wheezes.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A.Crackles: Crackles, also known as rales, are abnormal lung sounds that can indicate conditions such as pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or interstitial lung disease. They are often described as fine or coarse, and they may be heard during inspiration, expiration, or both. Crackles are typically heard over areas of fluid-filled alveoli or small airways.

B. Vesicular. These sounds are typically heard over most of the lung fields and are associated with normal airflow through smaller airways.

C. Bronchial: Bronchial breath sounds are typically heard over the trachea and mainstem bronchi. These sounds are louder and higher in pitch compared to vesicular sounds, with a shorter inspiratory phase and a longer expiratory phase. Hearing bronchial sounds over peripheral lung fields would suggest consolidation or compression of lung tissue, such as in pneumonia or atelectasis.

D. Wheezes: Wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds heard primarily during expiration. They are typically associated with narrowed airways, such as in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or bronchitis. Wheezes may be heard over the lung fields if there is widespread airway obstruction or bronchoconstriction.

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A pregnant, homeless woman who has received no prenatal care presents to the clinic in her third trimester because she is having vaginal bleeding, but reports that she is not in pain. Ultrasound reveals a placenta previa. Which action should the nurse implement?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment technique should the nurse use to confirm the presence of papilledema in a client with a rapidly decreasing level of consciousness?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse auscultates a client's breath sounds as seen in the picture. Which type of normal sounds should the nurse hear over these lung fields?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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