A school nurse is performing scoliosis screenings. The nurse should recognize which of the following clinical manifestations as an indication of scoliosis?

Exaggerated curvature of the sacrum

Uneven shoulder and pelvic heights

Mild pain in the hip region

Limited range-of-motion of the hips

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Exaggerated curvature of the sacrum: This is not a specific indicator of scoliosis. Scoliosis primarily involves lateral curvature of the spine, not an exaggerated curvature of the sacrum.

B) Uneven shoulder and pelvic heights: This is the correct answer. Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which can lead to uneven shoulder and pelvic heights. This is a common clinical manifestation that nurses look for during screenings.

C) Mild pain in the hip region: While pain can sometimes accompany scoliosis, it is not a definitive clinical manifestation of the condition itself and is not typically used as an indicator during screenings.

D) Limited range-of-motion of the hips: Limited hip motion may occur due to other conditions but is not a primary sign of scoliosis. The assessment of scoliosis focuses more on spinal alignment and symmetry rather than hip mobility.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Playing with an imaginary friend: While imaginative play does begin to develop in toddlers, having an imaginary friend is more typical in older preschool-aged children, around 3 to 4 years old. Therefore, this activity may not be expected in a 30-month-old child.

B) Playing with a large plastic truck: At 30 months old, children are typically engaged in parallel play and are interested in toys that promote gross motor skills and imaginative play. Playing with a large plastic truck is developmentally appropriate, as children at this age enjoy manipulating vehicles and may engage in simple pretend play related to driving or racing.

C) Playing with dress-up clothes: Although some children may enjoy dress-up, this activity tends to be more prominent in slightly older toddlers and preschoolers. A 30-month-old may show interest in dressing up but may not engage in it as frequently or with as much understanding of role play as older children.

D) Playing with a jump rope: Jump rope activities require a level of coordination and motor skills that are typically beyond what a 30-month-old child can achieve. At this age, children are still developing basic motor skills and would not yet be proficient in using a jump rope effectively.

A. A client who has orthostatic hypotension and 4+ pitting edema in the lower extremities B. A client who has Clostridium difficile and a temperature of 38.6° C (101.5° F) C. A client who has left shoulder pain and S-T elevation on a 12-lead ECG D. A client who has a complete femur fracture and reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 to 10

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) A client who has orthostatic hypotension and 4+ pitting edema in the lower extremities: While this client requires assessment, their condition is not immediately life-threatening. Orthostatic hypotension and edema need to be evaluated, but they are not acute emergencies.

B) A client who has Clostridium difficile and a temperature of 38.6° C (101.5° F): This client needs attention due to the infection and fever, but it is not as critical as the potential cardiac event presented in option C.

C) A client who has left shoulder pain and S-T elevation on a 12-lead ECG: This client is exhibiting signs that may indicate an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack). S-T elevation on an ECG is a significant finding and suggests that this client could be experiencing a serious cardiac event, making it the priority for assessment.

D) A client who has a complete femur fracture and reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 to 10: While this client is in pain and requires care, the priority in emergency situations is often given to conditions that are life-threatening, such as those related to cardiac function. Therefore, this client can be assessed after addressing the potential cardiac emergency.

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A school nurse is performing scoliosis screenings. The nurse should recognize which of the following clinical manifestations as an indication of scoliosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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