A woman in labor receives meperidine (Demerol) for pain. The nurse caring for the infant will observe the infant closely for:

Respiratory Depression

Hypothyroidism

Tremors and Hyperreflexia

Congenital Anomalies

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Meperidine, an opioid, crosses the placenta, risking neonatal respiratory depression. Monitoring breathing is critical post-delivery, making this the correct observation for the infant.

Choice B reason: Hypothyroidism is not associated with meperidine exposure. Opioids primarily affect respiration, so this is irrelevant and incorrect for the expected effect.

Choice C reason: Tremors and hyperreflexia are not typical meperidine effects in newborns; respiratory depression is the primary concern. This is incorrect for the nurse’s focus.

Choice D reason: Congenital anomalies result from chronic exposure, not acute labor analgesia. Meperidine’s immediate risk is respiratory, so this is incorrect for monitoring.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: To calculate volume, divide the ordered dose (40 mg) by the concentration (20 mg/mL): 40 ÷ 20 = 2 mL. Choice A (5 mL) delivers 100 mg (5 × 20), far exceeding the ordered dose, risking fluid and electrolyte imbalances, making it incorrect for safe administration.

Choice B reason: The correct volume is 40 mg ÷ 20 mg/mL = 2 mL. Choice B (6 mL) delivers 120 mg (6 × 20), significantly overdosing Lasix, which could cause severe dehydration, hypokalemia, or hypotension. This excessive dose is unsafe and incorrect for the prescribed administration.

Choice C reason: Calculating 40 mg ÷ 20 mg/mL yields 2 mL. Choice C (4 mL) delivers 80 mg (4 × 20), doubling the ordered dose. This could lead to excessive diuresis, electrolyte disturbances, or hypotension, making it an incorrect and potentially harmful choice for administration.

Choice D reason: Dividing the ordered dose (40 mg) by the concentration (20 mg/mL) gives 40 ÷ 20 = 2 mL. This volume accurately delivers the prescribed 40 mg of Lasix, ensuring effective diuresis for conditions like edema or heart failure while minimizing risks, making it the correct choice.

A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metabolic acidosis involves low pH (<7.35) and low HCO3- (<22 mEq/L). Here, pH is 7.48 (alkalotic) and HCO3- is 29 mEq/L (high), indicating alkalosis, not acidosis. PaCO2 (44 mm Hg) is normal, ruling out respiratory causes, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B reason: pH 7.48 (high), PaCO2 44 mm Hg (normal), and HCO3- 29 mEq/L (high) indicate metabolic alkalosis, likely from conditions like vomiting or diuretic use, increasing bicarbonate. No respiratory compensation (normal PaCO2) confirms uncompensated metabolic alkalosis, making this the correct choice.

Choice C reason: Respiratory acidosis requires high PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg) and low pH. Here, PaCO2 is 44 mm Hg (normal) and pH is 7.48 (alkalotic), with high HCO3-, pointing to a metabolic cause, not respiratory, making this choice incorrect for the ABG values.

Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis involves low PaCO2 (<35 mm Hg) and high pH. With PaCO2 at 44 mm Hg (normal) and high HCO3- (29 mEq/L), the alkalosis is metabolic, not respiratory. This choice doesn’t match the ABG profile, making it incorrect.

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A woman in labor receives meperidine (Demerol) for pain. The nurse caring for the infant will observe the infant closely for:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The healthcare provider orders Lasix 40 mg IV now. The concentration available is Lasix 20 mg/mL. How many mL will the patient receive?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Name the imbalance using the following Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) values: pH 7.48, PaCO2 44, HCO3- 29

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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