A female patient is questioning the nurse on why she can’t explain the same 5-day antibiotic (Zithromax) that her husband received. The patient is 65 with a history of and has an abnormal heart rhythm. The nurse explains that:
Zithromax can cause cancer in women.
Your medical conditions, age, and gender make you susceptible to QT prolongation, a known risk of this antibiotic.
This antibiotic is less effective in women.
Zithromax is expensive, so your insurance won’t pay for it.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason is that Zithromax (azithromycin) is not linked to cancer in women; this is inaccurate. QT prolongation is a known risk, especially in elderly patients with cardiac issues, so this is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Azithromycin can prolong the QT interval, risking arrhythmias, particularly in older women with heart rhythm issues. This explains the different prescribing, making it the correct choice.
Choice C reason: Zithromax’s effectiveness is not gender-specific; efficacy depends on the infection, not sex. The cardiac risk is the concern, so this is incorrect for the explanation.
Choice D reason: Cost or insurance is irrelevant to the medical decision. QT prolongation risk in this patient’s profile drives the choice, so this is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Salt substitutes contain potassium, which risks hyperkalemia with spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic. This is dangerous, so it’s incorrect for understanding.
Choice B reason: Spironolactone spares potassium, so stopping supplements prevents hyperkalemia, a serious risk. This shows correct understanding, making it the correct choice.
Choice C reason: Spironolactone reduces fluid, not causes overhydration. Monitoring for dehydration is more relevant, so this is incorrect for the medication’s effects.
Choice D reason: Spironolactone’s effects take days to weeks, not hours. Immediate improvement is unrealistic, so this is incorrect for proper patient understanding.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Montelukast can cause mood changes or neuropsychiatric effects in children. Recognizing this side effect and notifying the pediatrician shows understanding, making this the correct statement.
Choice B reason: Montelukast is a daily maintenance drug, not for acute wheezing, which requires albuterol. This misunderstanding of its use makes it incorrect for proper administration.
Choice C reason: Montelukast controls asthma symptoms but does not cure asthma, a chronic condition. This incorrect belief about its purpose makes it wrong for understanding the medication.
Choice D reason: Montelukast is dosed once daily, typically at bedtime, not twice daily. This dosing error indicates a lack of understanding, making it incorrect for the parent’s statement.
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