Name the pulmonary imbalance using the following Arterial blood Gas (ABG) values: pH 7.41, PaCO2 46, HCO3- 30

Fully Compensated Metabolic Acidosis

Fully Compensated Respiratory Acidosis

Fully Compensated Respiratory Alkalosis

Fully Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Metabolic acidosis has low pH and HCO3-. Normal pH (7.41) and high HCO3- (30) suggest alkalosis, not acidosis, so this is incorrect for the ABG values.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis has high PaCO2 and low pH. Normal pH and high HCO3- indicate metabolic alkalosis, not respiratory acidosis, so this is incorrect.

Choice C reason: Respiratory alkalosis has low PaCO2 and high pH. High PaCO2 (46) and HCO3- rule this out, pointing to metabolic alkalosis, so this is incorrect.

Choice D reason: Normal pH (7.41), high PaCO2 (46), and high HCO3- (30) indicate metabolic alkalosis fully compensated by respiratory CO2 retention. This is correct.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Montelukast can cause mood changes or neuropsychiatric effects in children. Recognizing this side effect and notifying the pediatrician shows understanding, making this the correct statement.

Choice B reason: Montelukast is a daily maintenance drug, not for acute wheezing, which requires albuterol. This misunderstanding of its use makes it incorrect for proper administration.

Choice C reason: Montelukast controls asthma symptoms but does not cure asthma, a chronic condition. This incorrect belief about its purpose makes it wrong for understanding the medication.

Choice D reason: Montelukast is dosed once daily, typically at bedtime, not twice daily. This dosing error indicates a lack of understanding, making it incorrect for the parent’s statement.

A. Decreased blood pressure B. Decreased temperature C. Decreased pulse D. Decreased respiratory rate

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, reduces blood volume, often lowering blood pressure. Monitoring for hypotension is critical to prevent dizziness or shock, making this the correct manifestation to observe.

Choice B reason: Decreased temperature is not a common effect of furosemide, which primarily affects fluid balance. Blood pressure changes are more relevant, so this is incorrect.

Choice C reason: Furosemide may increase heart rate due to volume loss, not decrease pulse. Hypotension is a primary concern, making this incorrect for the expected manifestation.

Choice D reason: Decreased respiratory rate is unrelated to furosemide, which may improve breathing in heart failure but not slow respiration. Blood pressure is key, so this is incorrect.

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Name the pulmonary imbalance using the following Arterial blood Gas (ABG) values: pH 7.41, PaCO2 46, HCO3- 30

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 7-year-old child with asthma uses a daily inhaled glucocorticoid and an albuterol MDI as needed. The provider has added montelukast (Singulair) to the child’s regimen. Which statement by the child’s parent indicates understanding of this medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should monitor for which potential clinical manifestation after administering furosemide (Lasix)?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Name the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values: pH 7.47, PaCO2 32, HCO3- 23