What occurs when a drug binds to a receptor in the body?
It increases or decreases the activity of that receptor.
It alters the receptor to become non-responsive to its usual endogenous molecules.
It prevents the action of the receptor by altering its response to chemical mediators.
It gives the receptor a new function.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Drug-receptor binding either activates (agonists) or inhibits (antagonists) receptor activity, altering physiological responses. This is the primary effect, making it the correct choice for receptor interaction.
Choice B reason: Drugs do not permanently alter receptors non-responsive; they modulate activity temporarily. Non-responsiveness may occur with chronic use, but it’s not the primary effect, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Preventing receptor action is specific to antagonists, not all drugs. drugs bind to receptors. Binding broadly affects activity, so this is incorrect for the general effect of receptor binding.
Choice D reason: Drugs do not give receptors new functions; they enhance or block existing ones. ones. Activity modulation is the key effect, making this incorrect for what occurs during binding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Inhaled glucocorticoids, like budesonide, reduce airway inflammation over time but don’t act quickly enough to abort acute asthma attacks. Short-acting beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol) are used for acute relief, as glucocorticoids lack immediate bronchodilatory effects, making this choice incorrect for chronic asthma management.
Choice B reason: Using inhaled glucocorticoids only in emergencies is ineffective for chronic asthma. These drugs prevent inflammation and exacerbations through consistent use, not acute intervention. Emergency use is reserved for rescue inhalers like albuterol, making this choice inappropriate for long-term asthma control.
Choice C reason: Inhaled glucocorticoids require daily use to maintain anti-inflammatory effects, reducing airway hyperresponsiveness and preventing asthma exacerbations. Consistent dosing ensures steady suppression of chronic inflammation, improving lung function and reducing symptoms, making this the correct choice for managing chronic asthma effectively.
Choice D reason: A 2-week on/off schedule disrupts the consistent anti-inflammatory action of inhaled glucocorticoids needed for chronic asthma control. Intermittent use reduces efficacy, allowing inflammation to rebound, increasing exacerbation risk. Daily use is standard to maintain therapeutic benefits, making this choice incorrect.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: pH 7.32 (low, acidic), PaCO2 <37 mm Hg (normal/low), and HCO3- <24 mEq/L (low) indicate metabolic acidosis, as low bicarbonate causes acidosis without respiratory compensation (PaCO2 normal). This matches uncompensated metabolic acidosis, often due to conditions like lactic acidosis or diabetic ketoacidosis, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Uncompensated respiratory acidosis involves elevated PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg) causing low pH, with normal HCO3-. Here, PaCO2 is <37 mm Hg (normal/low) and HCO3- is low, pointing to a metabolic, not respiratory, cause of acidosis, making this choice incorrect for the given ABG values.
Choice C reason: Partially compensated respiratory acidosis requires elevated PaCO2 and increased HCO3- as compensation. Here, PaCO2 is <37 mm Hg (normal/low) and HCO3- is low, ruling out respiratory acidosis. The low pH and low HCO3- indicate a metabolic cause, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Partially compensated metabolic acidosis involves low pH, low HCO3-, and decreased PaCO2 as respiratory compensation. While HCO3- is low, PaCO2 is not significantly reduced to indicate compensation (given as <37 mm Hg, likely normal). This suggests uncompensated metabolic acidosis, making this choice less accurate than A.
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