A woman who is 14 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she always had a glass of wine with dinner before she became pregnant.
She has abstained during her first trimester and would like to know if it is safe for her to have a drink with dinner now.
The nurse would tell her:
Since you’re in your second trimester, you can drink as much as you like.
Since you’re in your second trimester, there’s no problem with having one drink with dinner.
Because no one knows how much or how little alcohol it takes to cause fetal problems, the best course is to abstain throughout your pregnancy.
One drink every night is too much. One drink three times a week should be fine.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Drinking as much as desired, even in the second trimester, can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. No safe amount of alcohol is known during pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
Despite being in the second trimester, no level of alcohol consumption is considered safe during pregnancy, as it poses a risk to fetal development.
Choice C rationale
The safest course is to abstain from alcohol throughout pregnancy as no specific amount has been deemed safe and it can cause irreversible harm to fetal development.
Choice D rationale
Even limiting alcohol consumption to three times a week poses a risk to fetal health, as any amount can potentially cause developmental issues.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The maternal-fetal exchange of oxygen and waste products is affected by uterine contractions, as these compress the placental blood vessels, temporarily reducing blood flow.
Choice B rationale
Blood pressure variations during labor can influence perfusion but do not increase maternal-fetal exchange as uterine contractions primarily cause transient vascular compression.
Choice C rationale
Maternal-fetal exchange continues during contractions except when the uterine pressure is high enough to occlude placental blood flow, temporarily halting the exchange.
Choice D rationale
Uterine contractions compress the spiral arteries, reducing blood flow through the placenta, thereby diminishing maternal-fetal exchange of oxygen and waste products during contractions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Placental uterine insufficiency causes late decelerations, not early decelerations. Late decelerations indicate decreased placental perfusion and inadequate fetal oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
Umbilical cord compression leads to variable decelerations, characterized by abrupt decreases in fetal heart rate. Early decelerations are unrelated to cord compression.
Choice C rationale
Early decelerations are caused by head compression during contractions. This reflex response results in vagal stimulation and a uniform, gradual decrease in fetal heart rate, mirroring contractions.
Choice D rationale
Spontaneous rupture of membranes can influence labor progress but does not cause early decelerations. Early decelerations are primarily associated with head compression during contractions.
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