A young woman has been in an automobile crash that resulted in an amputation of her left lower leg. She verbalizes grief and loss.
What cognitive knowledge by the registered nurse is used to provide interventions to help the client cope?

Choice A rationale:
Administering pre-operative medications does not address the client's expressed desire regarding resuscitation. It is a necessary step in preparing the client for surgery, but it does not directly relate to their preferences for end-of-life care.
Fulfilling this task does not ensure that the client's wishes are communicated to the appropriate healthcare providers, potentially leading to unwanted resuscitative efforts if the client's condition deteriorates during surgery.
It is crucial for the nurse to prioritize the client's autonomy and right to self-determination regarding their healthcare choices.
Choice B rationale:
Informing the physician after the surgery is complete is not timely and could result in the client's wishes not being respected.
The physician needs to be aware of the client's resuscitation preferences before the procedure begins to ensure that care aligns with their wishes.
Delaying communication could lead to ethical and legal dilemmas if resuscitation is attempted against the client's expressed desires.
Choice C rationale:
This is the most appropriate action because it directly addresses the client's concerns and ensures that their wishes are documented and communicated effectively.
Having a clear conversation with the client allows for exploration of their understanding of resuscitation and any potential concerns or questions they may have.
Recording the client's wishes in their medical record provides a clear record for all healthcare providers involved in their care, promoting consistency and respect for their autonomy.
Choice D rationale:
While verbally communicating the client's wishes to the operating room supervisor is important, it is not sufficient on its own.
Written documentation in the medical record is essential to ensure that the information is accurately conveyed to all members of the healthcare team and accessible throughout the client's care journey.

Choice A rationale:
While urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a potential risk with furosemide use, they are not the most immediate or anticipated effect following initiation of the medication.
UTIs can occur due to changes in urinary flow and potential catheter use.
However, furosemide's primary action is to increase urine output, which would not directly lead to a higher risk of UTIs at the onset of treatment.
Choice B rationale:
Concentrated dark urine is typically associated with dehydration or conditions that cause the kidneys to conserve water, such as kidney disease or severe fluid loss.
Furosemide, on the other hand, is a diuretic that promotes water loss through the urine, leading to more dilute urine.
Choice C rationale:
Transient incontinence can occur with furosemide due to the rapid increase in urine production, but it is not the most predictable or anticipated effect.
Increased urine production is expected, but transient incontinence may or may not occur in all patients.
Choice D rationale:
This is the most accurate and anticipated response.
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of Henle in the kidneys.
This leads to a significant increase in urine output, often within a few hours of administration. The urine produced is typically dilute and light-colored, as it contains a higher concentration of water and electrolytes. This is the intended effect of furosemide, as it helps to reduce fluid overload and edema.