All of the following describes schizotypal personality disorder except,
Eccentric
Mood swings
Social anxiety
Paranoid
The Correct Answer is B
A. Eccentric. Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) exhibit odd or eccentric behaviors, speech, and thought patterns. They may dress unusually, speak in vague or metaphorical ways, or hold bizarre beliefs that are not delusional but are far outside societal norms.
B. Mood swings. Frequent mood swings are not a characteristic feature of schizotypal personality disorder. Instead, they are more commonly seen in borderline personality disorder (BPD) or bipolar disorder. While individuals with STPD may experience transient emotional disturbances, their symptoms are more related to social detachment and cognitive distortions than rapid mood fluctuations.
C. Social anxiety. People with STPD experience intense social anxiety, often due to paranoia and distrust of others rather than fear of judgment (as seen in social anxiety disorder). Their discomfort in social situations does not improve with familiarity, leading to persistent isolation.
D. Paranoid. Paranoia is a core symptom of schizotypal personality disorder. Individuals with STPD often have suspiciousness and odd beliefs, such as thinking others are plotting against them or misinterpreting benign events as having hidden meanings. This paranoid thinking contributes to their social withdrawal and difficulty forming close relationships.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Aripiprazole (Abilify) is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic with a lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) due to its partial dopamine agonist mechanism. It has a lower incidence of tardive dyskinesia and dystonia compared to typical antipsychotics.
B. Clozapine (Clozaril) has the lowest risk of EPS among antipsychotics because it weakly blocks D2 receptors and primarily targets serotonin (5-HT2A) receptors. However, it carries a high risk of agranulocytosis, sedation, and metabolic syndrome.
C. Lurasidone (Latuda) is a second-generation antipsychotic with a moderate risk of EPS, particularly akathisia (restlessness). However, it has a lower risk than first-generation (typical) antipsychotics like haloperidol.
D. Haloperidol (Haldol) is a first-generation (typical) antipsychotic with a high risk of EPS due to its strong dopamine (D2) receptor blockade. It is associated with dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia, making it the antipsychotic with the highest EPS risk in this list.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dopamine. Tourette’s syndrome is primarily associated with dopamine dysregulation, particularly increased dopamine activity in the basal ganglia. This overactivity leads to excessive, involuntary motor and vocal tics. Dopamine-blocking medications, such as antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol, risperidone), can help reduce tic severity.
B. Serotonin. While serotonin plays a role in mood regulation and impulse control, it is not the primary neurotransmitter involved in Tourette’s. However, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be used to treat co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and anxiety symptoms in Tourette’s patients.
C. Glutamate is the brain’s primary excitatory neurotransmitter, involved in learning and memory. While some research suggests glutamate imbalances may contribute to tic severity and compulsive behaviors, dopamine remains the key neurotransmitter in Tourette’s pathology.
D. GABA is the brain’s primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, responsible for reducing neural excitability. Though impaired GABAergic inhibition may contribute to tic generation, the main abnormality in Tourette’s involves dopamine overactivity in the basal ganglia and cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuits.
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