Which of the following has the highest risk for EPS?
aripiprazole (Abilify)
clozapine (Clozaril)
lurasidone (Latuda)
haloperidol (Haldol)
The Correct Answer is D
A. Aripiprazole (Abilify) is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic with a lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) due to its partial dopamine agonist mechanism. It has a lower incidence of tardive dyskinesia and dystonia compared to typical antipsychotics.
B. Clozapine (Clozaril) has the lowest risk of EPS among antipsychotics because it weakly blocks D2 receptors and primarily targets serotonin (5-HT2A) receptors. However, it carries a high risk of agranulocytosis, sedation, and metabolic syndrome.
C. Lurasidone (Latuda) is a second-generation antipsychotic with a moderate risk of EPS, particularly akathisia (restlessness). However, it has a lower risk than first-generation (typical) antipsychotics like haloperidol.
D. Haloperidol (Haldol) is a first-generation (typical) antipsychotic with a high risk of EPS due to its strong dopamine (D2) receptor blockade. It is associated with dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia, making it the antipsychotic with the highest EPS risk in this list.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Made up" words. This describes neologisms, where individuals create new, nonsensical words that have meaning only to them. It is often seen in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.
B. Repeating of another's words. This describes echolalia, a speech disturbance where individuals involuntarily repeat words or phrases spoken by others. It is common in autism spectrum disorder, catatonia, and some neurological conditions.
C. Thought of the speaker wanders off in another direction. Tangentiality occurs when a person's train of thought drifts away from the original topic and never returns to it. Unlike circumstantial speech, where the person eventually returns to the point, tangential thinking leads to incoherent, off-topic responses, commonly seen in schizophrenia, mania, and cognitive disorders.
D. Meaningless rhythm of words. This describes word salad, where speech consists of random, disorganized, and nonsensical words without logical structure. It is a severe thought disorder seen in advanced schizophrenia or delirium.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Clozapine (Clozaril) does not require food for absorption, but it has a high risk of sedation, weight gain, and metabolic side effects. It also requires regular blood monitoring due to the risk of agranulocytosis.
B. Aripiprazole (Abilify) can be taken with or without food, as food does not significantly affect its absorption. It is a partial dopamine agonist, associated with a lower risk of weight gain and metabolic issues compared to other atypical antipsychotics.
C. Lurasidone (Latuda) must be taken with at least 350 calories of food to ensure proper absorption. Taking it on an empty stomach reduces its bioavailability, making it less effective. It is considered a weight-neutral antipsychotic and has a lower risk of metabolic side effects.
D. Haloperidol (Haldol) does not require food for absorption. It is a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) with a high risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) but minimal metabolic effects.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.