Although the signs and symptoms of both infection and inflammation include erythema, edema, and pain, the major difference is that inflammation:

is a protective response

is a disease process

produces tissue damage

is a result of bacteria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Is a protective response – Inflammation is a natural immune response that helps contain injury and promote healing, regardless of infection.

B. Is a disease process – Inflammation itself is not a disease; it is a response to injury, infection, or irritation.

C. Produces tissue damage – While excessive or chronic inflammation can cause tissue damage, inflammation itself is not inherently destructive.

D. Is a result of bacteria – Inflammation can be caused by bacteria, viruses, trauma, or autoimmune conditions, not just bacterial infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Apnea- Apnea is the absence of breathing, typically seen in conditions like sleep apnea or respiratory arrest.

B. Orthopnea – Orthopnea refers to difficulty breathing when lying flat, which improves when sitting or standing. It is commonly seen in conditions like heart failure and chronic lung disease.

C. Tachypnea – Tachypnea is an increased respiratory rate, often caused by fever, anxiety, or metabolic acidosis.

D. Dyspnea – Dyspnea is the general term for difficulty breathing, which can occur in various conditions but does not specify the need to sit or stand for relief.

A. prevent distortion of bowel sounds. B. prevent distortion of vascular sounds C. determine any areas of tenderness or pain D. allow the patient to relax and be comfortable

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Prevent distortion of bowel sounds. – Palpation can stimulate peristalsis and alter bowel sounds, leading to inaccurate assessment findings.

B. Prevent distortion of vascular sounds. – While palpation might affect vascular sounds slightly, this is not the primary concern when assessing the abdomen.

C. Determine any areas of tenderness or pain. – While assessing for tenderness is important, auscultation precedes palpation primarily to avoid altering bowel sounds.

D. Allow the patient to relax and be comfortable. – While relaxation is beneficial, the sequence of assessment is based on maintaining accuracy in findings rather than patient comfort.

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Although the signs and symptoms of both infection and inflammation include erythema, edema, and pain, the major difference is that inflammation:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably is called:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The main reason that auscultation precedes palpation of the abdomen is to:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Short, discrete, interrupted crackling or bubbling adventitious breath sounds heard most commonly on inspiration is termed:

The patient has been found to have edema of the lower extremities. The nurse is assessing whether or not it is pitting and to what degree. After pressing the skin against a bony prominence for 5 seconds, the nurse identifies 4+ pitting edema because the rebound time is:

The nurse has been assigned to care for a 62 year-old man. After introducing herself to the patient and explaining that she will be performing a nursing assessment, what is the first area to be assessed after taking vital signs?

Febrile is an abnormal elevation of:

Free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or a cavity is termed:

The protective response of body tissues to irritation, injury or pathogens is:

During the nursing interview, several histories are taken. The history that involves data concerning habits and lifestyle patterns is called:

When the patient asked the nurse how long it would take to "get over" the diabetes, the nurse explained that she will have this disease throughout her life. Diabetes mellitus is considered a/an: