An abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably is called:

apnea

orthopnea

tachypnea

dyspnea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Apnea- Apnea is the absence of breathing, typically seen in conditions like sleep apnea or respiratory arrest.

B. Orthopnea – Orthopnea refers to difficulty breathing when lying flat, which improves when sitting or standing. It is commonly seen in conditions like heart failure and chronic lung disease.

C. Tachypnea – Tachypnea is an increased respiratory rate, often caused by fever, anxiety, or metabolic acidosis.

D. Dyspnea – Dyspnea is the general term for difficulty breathing, which can occur in various conditions but does not specify the need to sit or stand for relief.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Bruits – Bruits are abnormal vascular sounds heard over arteries, often due to turbulence from a narrowed vessel.

B. Tympany – Tympany is a drum-like sound produced during percussion over areas filled with air, such as the stomach.

C. Crackles – Crackles (rales) are discontinuous, bubbling breath sounds often heard on inspiration. They are associated with conditions like pneumonia, heart failure, and pulmonary fibrosis.

D. Thrill – A thrill is a palpable vibration over an artery or heart valve, indicating turbulent blood flow.

A. is a protective response B. is a disease process C. produces tissue damage D. is a result of bacteria

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Is a protective response – Inflammation is a natural immune response that helps contain injury and promote healing, regardless of infection.

B. Is a disease process – Inflammation itself is not a disease; it is a response to injury, infection, or irritation.

C. Produces tissue damage – While excessive or chronic inflammation can cause tissue damage, inflammation itself is not inherently destructive.

D. Is a result of bacteria – Inflammation can be caused by bacteria, viruses, trauma, or autoimmune conditions, not just bacterial infection.

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An abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably is called:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Short, discrete, interrupted crackling or bubbling adventitious breath sounds heard most commonly on inspiration is termed:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Although the signs and symptoms of both infection and inflammation include erythema, edema, and pain, the major difference is that inflammation:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An abnormally slow heart rate, below 60 beats per minute is called:

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