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An abnormal rapid rate of breathing seen in many disease conditions is called:

apnea

orthopnea

dyspnea

Tachypnea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Apnea – Apnea refers to the temporary cessation of breathing, not rapid breathing.

B. Orthopnea – Orthopnea is difficulty breathing while lying flat, not an increased respiratory rate.

C. Dyspnea – Dyspnea is the sensation of difficult or labored breathing, not necessarily rapid breathing.

D. Tachypnea – Tachypnea is an abnormally fast respiratory rate, often seen in conditions like fever, anxiety, or respiratory distress.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Infection. – Infection refers to the invasion of body tissues by microorganisms, while inflammation is the body’s response to injury or infection.

B. Ecchymosis. – Ecchymosis refers to bruising caused by blood leakage under the skin, not a protective response.

C. Erythema. – Erythema is redness of the skin due to increased blood flow, which is a symptom of inflammation but not the process itself.

D. Inflammation. – Inflammation is the body’s protective response to injury, infection, or irritation. It involves increased blood flow, immune cell activation, and chemical mediators to promote healing.

A. opening of the AV valves B. closing of the semilunar valves C. closing of the AV valves D. opening of the semilunar valves

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Opening of the AV valves – The AV (atrioventricular) valves open silently during diastole; they do not create the "lub" sound.

B. Closing of the semilunar valves – The closing of the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary) produces the "dupp" sound, not the "lub."

C. Closing of the AV valves – The first heart sound (S1), or "lub," occurs when the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves close at the beginning of systole.

D. Opening of the semilunar valves – The semilunar valves open silently during ventricular contraction; they do not produce the "lub" sound.

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An abnormal rapid rate of breathing seen in many disease conditions is called:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The protective response of body tissues to irritation, injury or pathogens is:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Auscultation of the heart sounds will result in a lubb-dupp sound when using the bell and the diaphragm of the stethoscope. The lub part of the sound is caused by the:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is checking a client's bowel sounds. At which of the following times should the nurse auscultate the client's abdomen?

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