An adult patient presents with morning stiffness, swelling, limited range of motion, and symmetrical joint pain in the hips after physical exertion or during cold weather. Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes are noted on the fingers. Which disorder is described?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteomalacia
Osteoarthritis
Rickets
The Correct Answer is C
A. Rheumatoid arthritis also involves morning stiffness and symmetrical joint pain, but it typically affects smaller joints first (e.g., hands, wrists), and does not usually cause Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes, which are more characteristic of osteoarthritis.
B. Osteomalacia involves bone softening due to vitamin D deficiency and does not present with joint nodes or the type of stiffness described.
C. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by morning stiffness, limited range of motion, and joint pain that worsens with activity. Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes are specific to osteoarthritis, typically appearing on the fingers.
D. Rickets is a pediatric disorder caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to bone deformities, but it does not cause the joint issues or nodes described.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","F"]
Explanation
A. Loss of voluntary movement: Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of voluntary movement, leading to difficulties in performing daily activities.
B. Numbness: Numbness is not typically associated with Huntington's disease, which primarily affects movement and cognitive function.
C. Constipation: While constipation can occur in many conditions, it is not a hallmark symptom of Huntington's disease.
D. Urinary dysfunction: Urinary dysfunction is not a primary symptom of Huntington's disease.
E. Visual dysfunction: Visual dysfunction is not typically associated with Huntington's disease.
F. Dyskinesia: Dyskinesia, or involuntary, erratic movements, is a hallmark symptom of Huntington's disease. It is one of the main motor symptoms observed in affected individuals.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A complication of a medical or surgical procedure: This describes an iatrogenic pneumothorax, not a primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
B. A wound that allows air into the pleural cavity but not out: This describes a tension pneumothorax, not a primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
C. No underlying lung disease and no inciting event: A primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs without any apparent cause or underlying lung disease, often in healthy individuals, especially young, tall, thin men.
D. Underlying lung disease as well as air entering the pleural space via ruptured blebs: This describes a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, not a primary one.
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