An adult patient presents with morning stiffness, swelling, limited range of motion, and symmetrical joint pain in the hips after physical exertion or during cold weather. Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes are noted on the fingers. Which disorder is described?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteomalacia
Osteoarthritis
Rickets
The Correct Answer is C
A. Rheumatoid arthritis also involves morning stiffness and symmetrical joint pain, but it typically affects smaller joints first (e.g., hands, wrists), and does not usually cause Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes, which are more characteristic of osteoarthritis.
B. Osteomalacia involves bone softening due to vitamin D deficiency and does not present with joint nodes or the type of stiffness described.
C. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by morning stiffness, limited range of motion, and joint pain that worsens with activity. Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes are specific to osteoarthritis, typically appearing on the fingers.
D. Rickets is a pediatric disorder caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to bone deformities, but it does not cause the joint issues or nodes described.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","F"]
Explanation
A. Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for hyperlipidemia due to the associated abnormalities in lipid metabolism, leading to elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
B. Vascular damage can be a consequence of hyperlipidemia but is not a risk factor itself.
C. Overexertion is not a recognized risk factor for hyperlipidemia.
D. Gastric ulceration is unrelated to lipid metabolism and does not contribute to hyperlipidemia.
E. Hypercoagulability refers to an increased tendency for blood clotting, which is not directly related to lipid levels in the blood.
F. Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder that leads to extremely high levels of cholesterol in the blood, significantly increasing the risk of hyperlipidemia and associated cardiovascular diseases.
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
A. Chronic diarrhea is not typically associated with the development of hernias.
B. Heavy lifting is a known risk factor for hernias because it increases intra-abdominal pressure, which can lead to a protrusion of abdominal contents through a weak spot in the abdominal wall.
C. History of stroke is not directly associated with an increased risk of hernias.
D. Anemia is not related to the development of hernias.
E. Pregnancy increases the risk of hernias due to the increased intra-abdominal pressure and stretching of abdominal muscles and tissues.
F. Hypertension is not a direct risk factor for hernias.
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