A patient is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by prerenal factors. Which of the following is most likely to have contributed to this condition?
Severe dehydration
Renal calculi
Polycystic kidney disease
Glomerulonephritis
The Correct Answer is A
(A) Severe Dehydration: Prerenal AKI is caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys. Dehydration leads to hypovolemia, reducing renal perfusion and causing AKI.
(B) Renal Calculi: Postrenal AKI, not prerenal.
(C) Polycystic Kidney Disease: Chronic kidney disease, not acute.
(D) Glomerulonephritis: Intrarenal AKI, due to direct kidney damage
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Phenotype: Represents observable traits such as height, eye color, and blood type.
(B) Chromosome: Structure carrying genetic information, not a trait.
(C) Genotype: The genetic makeup, not the observable characteristics.
(D) Allele: Different versions of a gene, but not the overall appearance.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
(A) Apples: Low in potassium, safe for CKD patients.
(B) Bananas: CKD patients should avoid high-potassium foods, as the kidneys cannot efficiently excrete potassium, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia.
(C) Green Beans: Low in potassium, kidney-friendly.
(D) White Bread: Preferred over whole grains because it has lower phosphorus content.
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