An older adult client who had a colon resection 8 days ago is straining at stool. The practical nurse (PN) observes sudden spillage of serosanguinous drainage from the client's wound followed by appearance of bowel on the skin. Which complication has occurred?

A. Maternal hypotension is a significant adverse effect of epidural anesthesia that can lead to decreased uterine blood flow and fetal distress. Monitoring for hypotension is critical to ensure both maternal and fetal well-being.
B. While a vaginal hematoma is a potential complication, it is less immediately associated with the administration of epidural anesthesia compared to hypotension.
C. A continuous headache could indicate post-dural puncture but is less common and not the primary immediate concern compared to hypotension following an epidural.
D. Urinary retention can occur with epidural anesthesia, but maternal hypotension is a more urgent and significant immediate concern.

Applicable
Evaluating functional improvement assesses whether the additional physical and occupational therapy is effectively enhancing the client’s ability to perform activities of daily living and participate in community activities. This focuses on tangible outcomes of the therapy, such as improved mobility or independence. Measuring functional improvement helps to determine if the interventions are meeting their goals and positively impacting the client's physical abilities.

Psychological assessment
Not Applicable
While important, psychological assessment is not the primary focus when evaluating the specific outcomes of physical and occupational therapy. Psychological well-being might be a component of overall care but is not the immediate measure for the success of the physical therapies established. The main goal here is to assess the effectiveness of the physical and occupational therapy, which is more directly measured by functional and quality of life improvements.

Quality of life
Applicable
Assessing quality of life evaluates how well the client’s overall well-being is supported by the new care interventions, including their physical comfort, mental health, and ability to engage in daily activities. This broader measure considers whether the care provided enhances the client's satisfaction with their daily life and personal experiences, reflecting the success of the implemented therapies.

Financial security
Not Applicable
Financial security is not directly related to evaluating the outcomes of physical and occupational therapy interventions. It is important for overall care management but does not measure the effectiveness of specific therapies or the impact on the client’s physical functioning or quality of life. This factor is outside the scope of assessing the direct results of therapy and daily living support.

Cognitive status
Not Applicable
Cognitive status is not the main focus for evaluating the success of physical and occupational therapy. While cognitive status is relevant for overall care, the immediate goal of assessing the effectiveness of the physical therapies is to see improvements in functional abilities and quality of life. Cognitive assessments are important but not directly related to the specific goals of physical and occupational therapy outcomes