An older adult who has been diagnosed with COPD wants to perform self-care activities. Which instruction should the nurse include in client teaching to help achieve this goal?
Perform all activities of daily living (ADLs) and then rest
Bathe and eat slowly with periodic rest
Walk short distances without oxygen
Bathe right after eating and then rest
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Performing all activities of daily living (ADLs) and then resting is not a good instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can cause fatigue, shortness of breath, and anxiety. The nurse would advise the older adult to pace themselves and prioritize the most important activities, and to take breaks between tasks.
Choice B reason: Bathing and eating slowly with periodic rest is a good instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can help conserve energy, prevent dyspnea, and improve digestion. The nurse would advise the older adult to use a shower chair or a handheld showerhead, to avoid hot water or steam, and to use a fan or an open window for ventilation. The nurse would also advise the older adult to eat small, frequent meals, to avoid foods that cause gas or bloating, and to drink fluids between meals rather than with them.
Choice C reason: Walking short distances without oxygen is not a safe instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can cause hypoxia, which is a low level of oxygen in the blood. The nurse would advise the older adult to use oxygen therapy as prescribed by their doctor, and to monitor their oxygen saturation with a pulse oximeter. The nurse would also advise the older adult to exercise regularly, but to start slowly and gradually increase the intensity and duration, and to stop if they feel dizzy, chest pain, or severe breathlessness.
Choice D reason: Bathing right after eating and then resting is not a helpful instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can cause indigestion, reflux, or aspiration. The nurse would advise the older adult to wait at least an hour after eating before bathing, and to avoid lying down right after eating or bathing. The nurse would also advise the older adult to elevate their head with pillows when resting or sleeping, and to avoid napping during the day.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Set walking distance goals is not the best goal, as it is too specific and may not be appropriate for all older clients with diabetes. Walking distance may vary depending on the client's physical condition, comorbidities, and preferences.
Choice B reason: Stabilize the serum glucose is not the best goal, as it is too vague and does not reflect the client's involvement in their care. Serum glucose levels may fluctuate depending on various factors, such as diet, medication, stress, and infection.
Choice C reason: Plan for consistent exercise is not the best goal, as it is not comprehensive and does not address other aspects of diabetes management, such as nutrition, medication, and monitoring. Exercise is only one component of a holistic care plan for older clients with diabetes.
Choice D reason: Facilitate self-management is the best goal, as it encompasses all the elements of diabetes care and empowers the client to take charge of their health. Self-management involves educating the client about diabetes, providing support and resources, and encouraging adherence to the prescribed treatment regimen.
Choice E reason: None of the above is not the correct answer, as there is one choice that is the best goal for planning nursing care for an older client with diabetes mellitus.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Can bring about long-term changes in lifestyle is true because persistent pain, also known as chronic pain, is pain that lasts for more than three months or beyond the expected healing time. Persistent pain can affect the physical, psychological, social, and emotional aspects of a person's life, and may require adjustments in daily activities, work, hobbies, relationships, and self-care.
Choice B reason: Is generally gone within 4 months is false because persistent pain does not have a clear end point and may persist for years or even a lifetime. Persistent pain is different from acute pain, which is pain that is sudden, sharp, and usually related to an injury or illness. Acute pain typically lasts for a short time and resolves when the underlying cause is treated.
Choice C reason: Is usually described as a burning pain is false because persistent pain can have various descriptions, depending on the cause, location, and intensity of the pain. Some common words that people use to describe persistent pain are aching, throbbing, stabbing, shooting, tingling, or numbness.
Choice D reason: Leads to significantly altered vital signs is false because persistent pain does not usually cause noticeable changes in vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, or temperature. This is because the body adapts to persistent pain over time and does not react as strongly as it does to acute pain. However, this does not mean that persistent pain is less severe or less important than acute pain.
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