An older adult who has been diagnosed with COPD wants to perform self-care activities. Which instruction should the nurse include in client teaching to help achieve this goal?
Perform all activities of daily living (ADLs) and then rest
Bathe and eat slowly with periodic rest
Walk short distances without oxygen
Bathe right after eating and then rest
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Performing all activities of daily living (ADLs) and then resting is not a good instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can cause fatigue, shortness of breath, and anxiety. The nurse would advise the older adult to pace themselves and prioritize the most important activities, and to take breaks between tasks.
Choice B reason: Bathing and eating slowly with periodic rest is a good instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can help conserve energy, prevent dyspnea, and improve digestion. The nurse would advise the older adult to use a shower chair or a handheld showerhead, to avoid hot water or steam, and to use a fan or an open window for ventilation. The nurse would also advise the older adult to eat small, frequent meals, to avoid foods that cause gas or bloating, and to drink fluids between meals rather than with them.
Choice C reason: Walking short distances without oxygen is not a safe instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can cause hypoxia, which is a low level of oxygen in the blood. The nurse would advise the older adult to use oxygen therapy as prescribed by their doctor, and to monitor their oxygen saturation with a pulse oximeter. The nurse would also advise the older adult to exercise regularly, but to start slowly and gradually increase the intensity and duration, and to stop if they feel dizzy, chest pain, or severe breathlessness.
Choice D reason: Bathing right after eating and then resting is not a helpful instruction for the older adult who has COPD, as it can cause indigestion, reflux, or aspiration. The nurse would advise the older adult to wait at least an hour after eating before bathing, and to avoid lying down right after eating or bathing. The nurse would also advise the older adult to elevate their head with pillows when resting or sleeping, and to avoid napping during the day.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Empowering older adults to manage chronic illness is a way of promoting self-care and autonomy, but it is not a specific example of leadership in the care of older people.
Choice B reason: Coordinating members of the health care team is a way of demonstrating leadership in the care of older people, as it involves communication, collaboration, and delegation of tasks among different professionals and disciplines.
Choice C reason: Facilitating access to elder care programs is a way of providing resources and support for older people, but it is not a direct example of leadership in the care of older people.
Choice D reason: Assessing older adults effectively is a way of ensuring quality and safety in the care of older people, but it is not a unique example of leadership in the care of older people.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Can bring about long-term changes in lifestyle is true because persistent pain, also known as chronic pain, is pain that lasts for more than three months or beyond the expected healing time. Persistent pain can affect the physical, psychological, social, and emotional aspects of a person's life, and may require adjustments in daily activities, work, hobbies, relationships, and self-care.
Choice B reason: Is generally gone within 4 months is false because persistent pain does not have a clear end point and may persist for years or even a lifetime. Persistent pain is different from acute pain, which is pain that is sudden, sharp, and usually related to an injury or illness. Acute pain typically lasts for a short time and resolves when the underlying cause is treated.
Choice C reason: Is usually described as a burning pain is false because persistent pain can have various descriptions, depending on the cause, location, and intensity of the pain. Some common words that people use to describe persistent pain are aching, throbbing, stabbing, shooting, tingling, or numbness.
Choice D reason: Leads to significantly altered vital signs is false because persistent pain does not usually cause noticeable changes in vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, or temperature. This is because the body adapts to persistent pain over time and does not react as strongly as it does to acute pain. However, this does not mean that persistent pain is less severe or less important than acute pain.
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