As the nurse conducts an assessment on a newborn infant, what finding will the nurse anticipate?
Closed fontanels
Lanugo
Fine motor control
Six to eight teeth
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is not a finding that the nurse will anticipate. Closed fontanels are the absence of soft spots on the skull where the bones have not yet fused together. They are abnormal and unexpected in newborn infants, as they indicate a premature closure of the skull bones, which can affect the brain development and growth. The nurse should assess the presence, size, shape, and tension of the fontanels, and report any abnormalities to the physician.
Choice B reason: This is the best answer. Lanugo is a fine, soft hair that covers the body of the fetus in the womb. It helps to keep the fetus warm and hold the vernix caseosa on the skin. Lanugo is normal and expected in newborn infants, especially those born before 40 weeks of gestation. The nurse should observe the amount and distribution of lanugo, and expect it to be shed within the first few weeks of life.
Choice C reason: This is not a finding that the nurse will anticipate. Fine motor control is the ability to coordinate the movements of the small muscles of the hands and fingers. It is not well developed in newborn infants, as they have not yet acquired the skills and coordination to manipulate objects or perform complex tasks. The nurse should assess the grasp reflex and the spontaneous movements of the hands and fingers, and expect them to improve over time.
Choice D reason: This is not a finding that the nurse will anticipate. Six to eight teeth are the number of teeth that usually erupt in infants between 6 and 12 months of age. They are not present in newborn infants, as they have not yet developed the teeth buds or the ability to chew solid foods. The nurse should inspect the gums and the oral cavity, and educate the parents on the oral hygiene and feeding practices for infants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is the best answer. Proximodistal is the pattern of development that occurs from the center of the body to the extremities. It means that the parts of the body that are closer to the trunk develop before the parts that are farther away. For example, infants can control their arms before their hands, and their hands before their fingers.
Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer. Cephalocaudal is the pattern of development that occurs from the head to the feet. It means that the parts of the body that are higher up develop before the parts that are lower down. For example, infants can lift their head before they can walk.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer. Simple to Complex is the principle of development that states that skills and abilities become more sophisticated and refined over time. It means that the tasks that are easier and more basic are mastered before the tasks that are harder and more advanced. For example, infants can babble before they can talk.
Choice D reason: This is not the correct answer. Continuous Process is the concept of development that states that growth and change are gradual and ongoing throughout the lifespan. It means that there are no sudden or discrete stages or phases of development, but rather a smooth and steady progression. For example, infants do not suddenly become toddlers, but rather develop new skills and characteristics gradually.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a relevant topic for the nurse to provide information on. How to start a college savings account is a financial matter that is not directly related to the health and development of the toddler. The nurse should focus on the physical, mental, and emotional needs of the toddler and the parents.
Choice B reason: This is not a timely topic for the nurse to provide information on. How to introduce solid foods to the child is a nutritional matter that is usually addressed when the child is around 6 months old. The nurse should have already provided this information to the parents when the child was an infant.
Choice C reason: This is the best answer. The safest place for a car seat is the back, in the middle. This is a safety matter that is important for the parents to know and follow. The nurse should provide information on the proper use and installation of the car seat, such as securing it in the rear-facing position, using the harness straps and clips correctly, and checking the expiration date and recall status of the car seat.
Choice D reason: This is not an appropriate topic for the nurse to provide information on. How to increase discipline during a tantrum is a behavioral matter that is not conducive to the well-being of the toddler or the parents. The nurse should provide information on how to prevent or manage tantrums, such as setting clear and consistent limits, offering choices and alternatives, using positive reinforcement and praise, and staying calm and patient.
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