Drugs can produce a wide variety of effects in addition to the desired pharmacological effect. Sometimes the drug dose can be adjusted so that the desired effect is achieved without producing undesired secondary reactions. Which are examples of this secondary action?

Spontaneous bleeding after taking an anticoagulant

Dizziness after starting an antihypertensive

Drowsiness after taking an antihistamine

Diarrhea after taking an antibiotic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Spontaneous bleeding after taking an anticoagulant is a secondary action that occurs due to the anticoagulant's effect on blood clotting, which is an undesired effect when it leads to excessive bleeding.

B. Dizziness after starting an antihypertensive is a common secondary action related to the lowering of blood pressure, which can lead to hypotension and resultant dizziness.

C. Drowsiness after taking an antihistamine is a well-known secondary action, especially with first-generation antihistamines, which can cause sedation as a side effect.

D. Diarrhea after taking an antibiotic is a secondary action that can occur due to disruption of the normal gut flora, leading to gastrointestinal upset. All these examples illustrate secondary effects of medications.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. Auscultating bowel sounds is important because anticholinergic agents can decrease gastrointestinal motility, leading to reduced bowel sounds and potential constipation.

B. Monitoring urine output is crucial as anticholinergics can cause urinary retention, and assessing output helps identify any adverse effects on bladder function.

C. Monitoring heart rate is necessary since anticholinergic agents can cause tachycardia as a side effect, making it important to assess the client’s cardiovascular status.

D. Administering an antidiarrheal agent is not typically indicated, as anticholinergic agents often cause constipation rather than diarrhea.

E. Assessing deep tendon reflexes is not directly relevant to the effects of anticholinergic medications and is not typically prioritized in this context.

A. Sublingual B. Transdermal C. Buccal D. Translingual

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Sublingual administration involves placing the tablet under the tongue, not between the cheek and gums.

B. Transdermal refers to medication delivered through the skin via a patch, which is not applicable in this scenario.

C. Buccal administration involves placing the medication between the cheek and gums, allowing it to dissolve and be absorbed through the oral mucosa.

D. Translingual refers to administering a medication via the tongue, which is not the route being used in this case.

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Drugs can produce a wide variety of effects in addition to the desired pharmacological effect. Sometimes the drug dose can be adjusted so that the desired effect is achieved without producing undesired secondary reactions. Which are examples of this secondary action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which would be important to perform for a client who has received an anticholinergic agent? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

When caring for a patient with angina, the nurse instructs the patient to place the nitroglycerin tablet between the cheek and the gums. Which route of administration is the nurse referring to?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has been prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant and the nurse recognizes the client's associated risk for anticholinergic effects. What should the nurse teach the client about preventing and managing these adverse effects? (Select all that apply.)

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