During a health history, a male client tells the nurse that he "can't breathe well" at night when he is lying down and has trouble sleeping because he wakes up with trouble breathing. The nurse would assess this client further for which of the following?

Bronchitis

Heart failure

Pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Bronchitis primarily causes coughing and mucus production, and does not specifically relate to trouble breathing while lying down.

B. Heart failure often leads to orthopnea (difficulty breathing while lying flat) and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (waking up at night with difficulty breathing). These symptoms align with the client's reported issues.

C. Pneumonia usually presents with acute symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest pain, rather than the specific nocturnal breathing difficulty described.

D. Tuberculosis typically involves symptoms like chronic cough, night sweats, and weight loss, rather than difficulty breathing while lying down.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Increased jugular venous pressure: Right-sided heart failure often leads to increased jugular venous pressure due to the backup of blood in the systemic venous system.

B. Decreased right-sided volume: Right-sided heart failure typically results in increased blood volume in the right heart chambers, not decreased.

C. Decreased stroke volume: While right-sided heart failure can affect stroke volume, increased jugular venous pressure is a more direct indicator of right-sided heart failure.

D. Decreased central venous pressure: Right-sided heart failure usually results in increased, not decreased, central venous pressure.

A. Thigh muscles B. Arterial pulsations C. Venous flow D. Calf muscles

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Thigh muscles: While thigh muscles assist in venous return, they are not as critical as the calf muscles in moving blood from the feet.

B. Arterial pulsations: Arterial pulsations help in the forward movement of blood in the arteries but do not directly assist with venous return from the feet.

C. Venous flow: Venous flow is the general term for blood movement in veins, but it does not specify the mechanism responsible for moving blood from the feet.

D. Calf muscles: The calf muscles, through their contraction (often referred to as the "muscle pump"), are crucial in helping to push blood upwards from the feet towards the inferior vena cava. This mechanism is essential for effective venous return.

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During a health history, a male client tells the nurse that he "can't breathe well" at night when he is lying down and has trouble sleeping because he wakes up with trouble breathing. The nurse would assess this client further for which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

On examination, the nurse would expect what finding if a client is in right-sided heart failure?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

What is responsible to move the blood supply from the feet toward the inferior vena cava?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse provides prevention strategies to a group of clients who are identified as at risk for hypertension. Which strategies should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

The nurse knows screening test(s) for colorectal cancer detection according to recommendations from the American Cancer Society (2018) includes? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse refers an older adult client for further evaluation after the nurse assesses warm skin and brown pigmentation around the ankles. The nurse suspects which of the following?

After taking the vital signs of a client, the nurse notes the client has a high systolic blood pressure reading. Which factors should the nurse include when explaining the possible cause of this increase? Select all that apply.

The traditional areas of auscultation of heart sounds include Erb's point, which is located at?

While auscultating heart sounds, asking the client to turn onto a left lying position would help the nurse assess the presence of which of the following?

While completing the cardiovascular system health history, a client reports difficulty falling asleep unless she is in an upright position. Which of the following potential problems should the nurse further investigate?

A positive Murphy's sign is indicative of?