During antibody-mediated immunity, what do B cells produce to help eliminate pathogens?
Cytokines
Cytotoxic granules
Antibodies
Perforin
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: During antibody-mediated immunity, B cells produce antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that specifically recognize and bind to antigens on the surface of pathogens or foreign substances. This binding marks the pathogens for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizes their harmful effects.
Incorrect choices:
a. Cytokines are small proteins that serve as signaling molecules in the immune system, regulating the behavior and activity of immune cells. B cells can secrete cytokines, but their primary function is antibody production.
b. Cytotoxic granules contain substances like perforin and granzymes and are released by cytotoxic T cells to induce apoptosis in infected or abnormal cells. B cells do not produce cytotoxic granules.
d. Perforin is a protein released by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells to create pores in the membrane of infected cells, leading to cell death. B cells do not produce perforin.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: T cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity. They are responsible for recognizing and directly attacking infected or abnormal cells in the body. There are two main types of T cells: cytotoxic T cells, which directly kill infected cells, and helper T cells, which assist in coordinating the immune response.
Incorrect choices:
a. B cells are responsible for the production of antibodies and are involved in the humoral immune response, which targets pathogens outside of cells. They do not directly recognize and destroy infected cells.
c. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that engulf and process pathogens to present their antigens to other immune cells. While they are involved in immune recognition, they do not primarily recognize and destroy infected cells.
d. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the innate immune response. They primarily target and destroy bacteria and other foreign invaders in the body, but they do not have the specific recognition capabilities of T cells.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Numerous scientific studies have found no link between vaccines and autism. The notion that vaccines cause autism was based on a discredited and fraudulent study, and subsequent research has shown no evidence of such a link.
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