Edema is a hallmark sign of SIADH caused by fluid shifts into the extracellular space.
Clinical manifestations include concentrated urine output and overhydration.
A patient is recovering from a lung resection because of malignant bronchogenic small cell carcinoma.
His serum sodium is 120 mEq/L and SIADH is suspected.
Which statement is accurate regarding SIADH?
Management includes rapid restoration of serum sodium levels to normal.
SIADH occurs when excessive ADH is released by the anterior pituitary.
SIADH is characterized by diluted urine output and dehydration.
Serum sodium levels typically rise in cases of SIADH.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Rapid restoration of serum sodium levels can lead to central pontine myelinolysis, a severe neurological condition. Thus, management should be gradual.
Choice B rationale
SIADH occurs due to excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland, not the anterior, leading to water retention and hyponatremia.
Choice C rationale
SIADH is characterized by concentrated urine due to water retention and overhydration, not diluted urine output and dehydration.
Choice D rationale
Serum sodium levels typically decrease in SIADH due to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
DIC is not controllable with lifelong heparin usage. Heparin may be used to manage DIC, but it is not a permanent solution, and the underlying cause of DIC must be addressed.
Choice B rationale
DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen. It is characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade, leading to both clot formation and bleeding due to consumption of clotting factors and platelets.
Choice C rationale
DIC is not a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency. It is an acquired condition resulting from severe illnesses or injuries that trigger abnormal clotting and bleeding processes.
Choice D rationale
DIC is not characterized by an elevated platelet count. Instead, it involves thrombocytopenia due to the consumption of platelets in widespread clotting, leading to a decreased platelet count.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Joint pain in hands and knees is a common symptom of SLE due to inflammation but is not immediately life-threatening. It requires management but is not the highest priority.
Choice B rationale
A dry, raised rash on the face, such as a malar rash, is common in SLE and should be monitored and treated, but it is not immediately life-threatening.
Choice C rationale
Feelings of depression are serious and need addressing but are not an immediate threat to physical health. Depression is often associated with chronic illnesses and requires comprehensive mental health support.
Choice D rationale
Presence of peripheral edema could indicate renal involvement or cardiac issues in SLE, which can be life-threatening. It is crucial to address this finding urgently to prevent complications such as renal failure or severe cardiovascular events.
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