Edema is a hallmark sign of SIADH caused by fluid shifts into the extracellular space.
Clinical manifestations include concentrated urine output and overhydration.
A patient is recovering from a lung resection because of malignant bronchogenic small cell carcinoma.
His serum sodium is 120 mEq/L and SIADH is suspected.
Which statement is accurate regarding SIADH?
Management includes rapid restoration of serum sodium levels to normal.
SIADH occurs when excessive ADH is released by the anterior pituitary.
SIADH is characterized by diluted urine output and dehydration.
Serum sodium levels typically rise in cases of SIADH.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Rapid restoration of serum sodium levels can lead to central pontine myelinolysis, a severe neurological condition. Thus, management should be gradual.
Choice B rationale
SIADH occurs due to excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland, not the anterior, leading to water retention and hyponatremia.
Choice C rationale
SIADH is characterized by concentrated urine due to water retention and overhydration, not diluted urine output and dehydration.
Choice D rationale
Serum sodium levels typically decrease in SIADH due to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring the client’s hydration status is critical for older adults, especially those on a medical-surgical unit, to prevent dehydration, which can lead to serious complications such as renal impairment, confusion, and electrolyte imbalance.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging physical activities is beneficial but is not always feasible or safe for all older clients, especially those with certain medical conditions or mobility limitations.
Choice C rationale
Administering medications as prescribed is essential but is a standard practice for all clients and not specific to older adults' unique needs.
Choice D rationale
Educating the client on dietary needs is important but secondary to monitoring hydration, which addresses more immediate physiological needs and complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The Papanicolaou test (Pap smear) is the primary screening tool for cervical cancer. It detects precancerous or cancerous cells on the cervix and is recommended regularly for women.
Choice B rationale
A vaginal ultrasound is not used for initial cervical cancer screening. It may be used to evaluate abnormalities found by other means, but not as a primary screening test.
Choice C rationale
Serum prolactin level testing is not related to cervical cancer screening. Elevated prolactin levels are associated with other conditions like prolactinomas or hypothyroidism.
Choice D rationale
An endometrial biopsy is used to diagnose endometrial cancer or other uterine conditions, not for screening cervical cancer. It examines the tissue lining the uterus.
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