What are the risk factors for neonatal sepsis? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.).
Preterm birth
Cesarean birth
Precipitous delivery
Frequent vaginal exams
Mother has GBS infection
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
Choice A reason:
Preterm birth is a major risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. Preterm babies have immature immune systems and lack antibodies to protect them against certain bacteria.
Choice B reason:
Cesarean birth is not a risk factor for neonatal sepsis by itself, unless it is associated with other factors such as prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal infection or chorioamnionitis.
Choice C reason:
Precipitous delivery is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. Precipitous delivery can cause fetal distress, hypoxia, acidosis and increased susceptibility to infection.
Choice D reason:
Frequent vaginal exams are a risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. Frequent vaginal exams can introduce bacteria into the amniotic fluid and increase the risk of ascending infection.
Choice E reason:
Mother has GBS infection is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. GBS (group B streptococcus) is the most common cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and can be transmitted from the mother to the baby during labor and delivery.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Discard unused formula in used bottle after 2 hours:Once a baby has started drinking from a bottle, bacteria from the baby’s mouth can contaminate the formula. Any leftover formula should be discarded after 2 hours to prevent bacterial growth and reduce the risk of infection.
B. Never prop a bottle:Propping a bottle can lead to choking, ear infections, and dental issues (such as baby bottle tooth decay). Babies should always be held upright during feedings.
C. Formula is available in three forms:Infant formula is available in three types:Ready-to-feed (no mixing needed),Liquid concentrate (mix with water),Powdered formula (mix with water).
E. Store prepared bottles in the refrigerator:If formula is prepared in advance, it must be stored in the refrigerator (≤ 4°C or 40°F) and used within 24 hours to prevent bacterial growth.
Incorrect Answer:
D. Warm the bottle in the microwave:Microwaving heats unevenly, creating hot spots that can burn the baby’s mouth. Instead, warm bottles by placing them in warm water for a few minutes and always test the temperature on the wrist before feeding.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Sleepiness is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Sleepiness may be caused by other factors such as hypoglycemia, hypothermia, or infection.
Choice B reason:
Constipation is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Constipation may be caused by dehydration, formula intolerance, or lack of bowel stimulation.
Choice C reason:
Irritability is a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Irritability may manifest as excessive crying, jitteriness, tremors, or increased muscle tone. Irritability is caused by the overstimulation of the central nervous system due to the absence of the drug that the newborn was exposed to in utero.
Choice D reason:
Absent or startle reflex is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Absent or startle reflex may indicate neurological damage, hypoxia, or brachial plexus injury. The startle reflex, also known as the Moro reflex, is a normal response to sudden stimuli in newborns.
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