What are the risk factors for neonatal sepsis? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.).
Preterm birth
Cesarean birth
Precipitous delivery
Frequent vaginal exams
Mother has GBS infection
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
Choice A reason:
Preterm birth is a major risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. Preterm babies have immature immune systems and lack antibodies to protect them against certain bacteria.
Choice B reason:
Cesarean birth is not a risk factor for neonatal sepsis by itself, unless it is associated with other factors such as prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal infection or chorioamnionitis.
Choice C reason:
Precipitous delivery is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. Precipitous delivery can cause fetal distress, hypoxia, acidosis and increased susceptibility to infection.
Choice D reason:
Frequent vaginal exams are a risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. Frequent vaginal exams can introduce bacteria into the amniotic fluid and increase the risk of ascending infection.
Choice E reason:
Mother has GBS infection is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis, especially early-onset sepsis. GBS (group B streptococcus) is the most common cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and can be transmitted from the mother to the baby during labor and delivery.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Smoking is the most significant risk factor for clubfoot, according to several studies that have found a strong association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the occurrence of clubfoot in the offspring. Smoking may affect the development of the muscles and tendons in the fetus, leading to abnormal positioning of the foot.
Choice B reason:
Trauma during pregnancy is not a significant risk factor for clubfoot, as there is no evidence that physical injury to the mother or the fetus can cause this deformity. Clubfoot is a congenital condition that is present at birth and usually detected by prenatal ultrasound.
Choice C reason:
Hypertension is not a significant risk factor for clubfoot, as there is no evidence that high blood pressure in the mother or the fetus can cause this deformity. Clubfoot is a congenital condition that is present at birth and usually detected by prenatal ultrasound.
Choice D reason:
Decreased circulation is not a significant risk factor for clubfoot, as there is no evidence that poor blood flow to the mother or the fetus can cause this deformity. Clubfoot is a congenital condition that is present at birth and usually detected by prenatal ultrasound.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
All milk- and lactose-containing formulas, including breast milk, must be stopped during infancy. Soy protein is the formula of choice for newborns and infants with galactosemia. Breast milk should not be used in newborns and infants with galactosemia because it contains galactose, which they cannot metabolize properly.
Choice B reason:
Adding amino acids to the breast milk will not help the newborn with galactosemia, because the problem is not a lack of amino acids, but a deficiency of the enzyme that breaks down galactose. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not sugars.
Choice C reason:
Substituting a lactose-containing formula for breast milk will worsen the condition of the newborn with galactosemia because lactose is composed of glucose and galactose. The newborns will still be exposed to galactose, which will accumulate in the blood and tissues and cause damage.
Choice D reason:
Giving the appropriate enzyme along with breast milk is not a feasible option for the newborn with galactosemia, because there is no oral enzyme replacement therapy available for this condition. The only treatment is dietary restriction of galactose.
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