How do preschool-aged children typically understand death? (Select All that Apply.)

They may believe that death is punishment for bad behavior.

They may believe that death is temporary or reversible.

They may have a fear of death and view it as something to be avoided.

They understand death as a natural part of the life cycle.

They may believe that death is caused by their thoughts.

They have a concrete understanding of death as a permanent cessation of life.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. They may believe that death is punishment for bad behavior. Preschool-aged children may have a limited understanding of death and may see it as a form of punishment for wrongdoing. They may not fully comprehend that death is a natural event.

B. They may believe that death is temporary or reversible. At this age, children tend to have magical thinking and may believe that the deceased person can come back to life or that they will return after a period of time.

E. They may believe that death is caused by their thoughts. Preschoolers often struggle with the concept of causality and may believe that their thoughts or wishes could cause something to happen, including death.

C. They may have a fear of death and view it as something to be avoided. While some preschoolers may fear death, this is more common in older children or adolescents who begin to grasp the permanency of death.

D. They understand death as a natural part of the life cycle. Preschool children typically do not have a fully developed understanding of death as part of the life cycle; they may not recognize its natural inevitability.

F. They have a concrete understanding of death as a permanent cessation of life. A concrete understanding of death is usually not achieved until later childhood (around 7-9 years of age) when children start to understand the permanence and finality of death.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Increased appetite is not an expected finding in a child with iron deficiency anemia. Children with iron deficiency anemia typically experience a reduced appetite or may develop pica (craving non-food substances) rather than an increased appetite.

B. Pallor is a common sign of iron deficiency anemia, as a lack of iron reduces the number of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin, leading to pale skin and mucous membranes.

C. Tachycardia is a compensatory response to anemia, as the heart works harder to deliver oxygen to tissues due to a reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxygen.

D. Brittle spoon-shaped nails (koilonychia) are a classic physical finding in iron deficiency anemia, caused by the reduced oxygen delivery to the nails and skin.

A. Confusion and altered mental status B. Increased diastolic pressure with narrowing pulse pressure C. Irregular, rapid heartbeat D. Rapid, shallow breathing

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Confusion and altered mental status can be signs of increased ICP, but these symptoms are not specific. Confusion or altered consciousness may also be observed in other conditions, so this alone may not definitively indicate increased ICP.

B. Increased diastolic pressure with narrowing pulse pressure is a classic sign of increased intracranial pressure and is a key component of Cushing's triad. This triad, which also includes bradycardia and irregular respirations, is a critical indicator of impending brain herniation and requires immediate intervention.

C. Irregular, rapid heartbeat is not a direct sign of increased ICP. While heart rate changes can occur with changes in ICP, they are usually seen as part of Cushing’s triad and would typically present with bradycardia, not rapid heartbeat.

D. Rapid, shallow breathing can occur in response to other conditions, but it is not the most specific or early sign of increased ICP. Changes in the respiratory pattern with increased ICP often involve more distinct alterations like Cheyne-Stokes or irregular breathing patterns.

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How do preschool-aged children typically understand death? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a child with iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following is NOT an expected finding?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A child with a head injury is at risk for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which change in status would alert the nurse to believe an increase in ICP has occurred?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is creating a plan of care for a pediatric client who has been diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma. Which of the following factors should the nurse consider as the highest priority when planning treatment interventions?

A school-age child with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old pediatric client who has an inguinal hernia. Which of the following statements should the nurse make when the parents ask for clarification about the inguinal hernia?

A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old during a well-child exam. The parent states that the child's cousin has intussusception and asks if their child is at risk. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an infant who has a 2-day history of vomiting and an elevated temperature. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the most reliable indicator of fluid loss?

A nurse is reinforcing education to parents of an infant who has intussusception. Which of the following statements would the nurse provide to the parents?

When administering oral iron supplements to a client with anemia, which nursing action is most important to ensure optimal absorption of the medication?

When performing the tape test to check for pinworms, when should the caregiver remove the tape from the child's anus?