In general, therapeutic interventions for a patient with osteoporosis will probably include drugs that

decrease osteoclastic activity

increase the kidneys tubular secretion of calcium into the urine.

increase resorption of calcium

suppress calcitonin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Decrease osteoclastic activity: Osteoporosis treatments often focus on reducing osteoclastic activity, which is responsible for bone resorption, thereby helping to maintain or increase bone density.

B. Increase the kidneys' tubular secretion of calcium into the urine: This would decrease calcium levels in the body, which is not desired in osteoporosis treatment, as it would worsen bone density.

C. Increase resorption of calcium: Increasing bone resorption would exacerbate osteoporosis by weakening the bones further.

D. Suppress calcitonin: Calcitonin helps to inhibit bone resorption, so suppressing it would be counterproductive in treating osteoporosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Obesity, age over 40, and female gender: While obesity and age can be risk factors for GERD, gender alone is not a significant factor. Excessive alcohol consumption, as indicated in option D, is a stronger link to GERD.

B. Accelerated gastric emptying: This is incorrect. GERD is more commonly associated with delayed gastric emptying or increased acid production rather than accelerated gastric emptying.

C. Incompetent rectal sphincter: This is incorrect. GERD is associated with an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, not the rectal sphincter.

D. Drinking 12 cans of beer per day: Excessive alcohol consumption can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and increase the risk of GERD by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.

A. There is an imbalance between formation of new bone and the resorption of existing bone. B. An Invasion of a pathogen leads to infection: causing destruction and weakening of the bone. C. A decrease in blood supply to the bone results in bony necrosis or the death of bone cells. D. Increased amounts of estrogen in postmenopausal women contribute to bone loss.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. There is an imbalance between the formation of new bone and the resorption of existing bone: Osteoporosis occurs when bone resorption outpaces bone formation, leading to decreased bone density and increased susceptibility to fractures.

B. An invasion of a pathogen leads to infection, causing destruction and weakening of the bone: This describes osteomyelitis, a bone infection, not osteoporosis.

C. A decrease in blood supply to the bone results in bony necrosis or the death of bone cells: This describes avascular necrosis, not osteoporosis.

D. Increased amounts of estrogen in postmenopausal women contribute to bone loss: In fact, decreased estrogen levels after menopause contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis.

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In general, therapeutic interventions for a patient with osteoporosis will probably include drugs that

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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