An increase in peristalsis is associated with activation of which of the following nervous systems?
Peripheral
Central
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
The Correct Answer is C
A. The peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body, but it does not directly govern the increase in peristalsis.
B. The central nervous system (CNS) processes information and coordinates responses but does not directly control the movement of the digestive system. The autonomic nervous system, which includes the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions, controls peristalsis.
C. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for "rest-and-digest" activities. It stimulates peristalsis to promote digestion and the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract, leading to an increase in peristalsis.
D. The sympathetic nervous system is involved in the "fight-or-flight" response, which inhibits digestive processes, including peristalsis, as the body prioritizes other functions.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The renal afferent arteriole does not play a role in reabsorbing glucose. Glucose reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron, not in the afferent arteriole.
B. The afferent arteriole does not reabsorb potassium and magnesium. These electrolytes are reabsorbed in specific segments of the nephron, such as the proximal convoluted tubule and the loop of Henle.
C. The renal afferent arteriole delivers blood to the nephron, specifically to the glomerulus, where filtration of blood occurs. This is its primary function in the kidney's filtration process.
D. The afferent arteriole does not act as a holding area for filtrate. Filtrate is formed in the glomerulus, and it then moves into the Bowman's capsule and through the nephron.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Myelin is a fatty substance that wraps around axons in many neurons. It acts as an insulative covering that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses by enabling the signal to jump between gaps in the myelin (called nodes of Ranvier). This is the correct answer.
B. The synapse is the junction between two neurons where signals are transmitted. It is not involved in the insulative covering of a neuron.
C. The axon is the long, slender part of a neuron that transmits electrical signals, but it requires myelin to efficiently conduct those signals.
D. Dendrites are branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons. They do not have an insulative function.
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