John is an RN on an orthopedic unit. He is caring for a patient with a left femur fracture with ORIF repair. Having worked on this unit for many years, he has extensive experience with orthopedic patients. While caring for this ORIF patient, John notices that the patient is beginning to have respiratory difficulties without a respiratory history. He uses clinical reasoning to recognize that this patient might be experiencing a pulmonary embolism. He immediately calls the physician for further orders.

Which type of reasoning did John use to identify the patient's condition?

Choice A reason:

Coercive power is the correct answer because it relies on the threat of punishment to influence others and lead change. It is often used in situations where compliance is demanded, but it can lead to negative outcomes such as resentment or resistance.

Choice B reason:

Reward power is based on the ability to provide rewards or incentives to others. It is a positive form of influence that encourages desired behaviors by offering something of value in return, rather than using threats.

Choice C reason:

Legitimate power stems from an individual's role or position within an organization or society. It is based on the perceived right to influence others due to one's status or authority, not on punishment.

Choice D reason:

Expert power comes from having knowledge, skills, or expertise that others do not possess. It allows individuals to influence others through their expertise, rather than through punishment or rewards.

Choice A reason: Vision is crucial for effective leadership as it provides a clear direction and purpose. A leader with a strong vision can inspire and motivate their team, set long-term goals, and guide the organization towards achieving its objectives. It is the foundation upon which strategies are built and decisions are made.

Choice B reason: Decision-making is an important skill for leaders, but it is not the defining attribute of leadership. Effective decision-making relies on having a clear vision to determine the best course of action.

Choice C reason: Social power can influence others, but it is not the essential attribute of leadership. Leadership is more about guiding and inspiring others towards a common goal rather than wielding power over them.

Choice D reason: Communication is a vital skill for leaders to convey their vision and decisions effectively. However, without a vision to communicate, the messages may lack direction and purpose.