John is an RN on an orthopedic unit. He is caring for a patient with a left femur fracture with ORIF repair. Having worked on this unit for many years, he has extensive experience with orthopedic patients. While caring for this ORIF patient, John notices that the patient is beginning to have respiratory difficulties without a respiratory history. He uses clinical reasoning to recognize that this patient might be experiencing a pulmonary embolism. He immediately calls the physician for further orders.

Which type of reasoning did John use to identify the patient's condition?

Choice A reason: Reflective practice is important as it involves analyzing one's actions and decisions. However, it is just one component of clinical judgment and not the most comprehensive choice.

Choice B reason: Being an expert provides a depth of knowledge in a specific area, but clinical judgment requires integrating various types of knowledge and perspectives.

Choice C reason: A holistic approach is essential for effective clinical judgment as it encompasses a broad view of patient care, considering physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, and the interactions between them.

Choice D reason: Evidence-based practice is a key element of clinical judgment, ensuring decisions are informed by the best available research. However, it must be balanced with individual patient needs and circumstances.

Choice A reason: Evidence-Based Practice is a systematic approach to health care that uses the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences to make decisions about the care of individual patients. While it is a critical aspect of modern health care, it is not the culture that has replaced the culture of blame.

Choice B reason: Teamwork is essential in health care for providing comprehensive care and ensuring patient safety. However, it is not the specific culture that has replaced the culture of blame. Teamwork is a component of a larger cultural shift towards safety and quality in health care.

Choice C reason: Authority refers to the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience. A culture of authority does not replace a culture of blame; instead, it could potentially perpetuate it if not balanced with accountability and open communication.

Choice D reason: Safety has become the primary focus in health care, replacing the culture of blame with a culture of safety. This shift emphasizes learning from errors, improving systems and processes, and preventing harm to patients through a non-punitive approach to incident reporting and analysis.