You walk into a room and find a patient forcefully expelling stomach contents into a wash basin. When documenting this occurrence, you will use the term:
Retching
Expectorate
Regurgitation
Vomiting
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Retching is the involuntary attempt to vomit, involving abdominal muscle contractions without expelling stomach contents. The patient is actively expelling contents, which defines vomiting, not just the effort of retching, making this an incorrect term for documentation.
Choice B reason: Expectorate refers to coughing up and spitting out mucus or sputum from the respiratory tract. The patient is expelling stomach contents, not respiratory secretions, making expectorate an incorrect term for this gastrointestinal event.
Choice C reason: Regurgitation is the passive return of undigested food or liquid from the stomach or esophagus, often without force. The forceful expulsion of stomach contents described indicates vomiting, not regurgitation, making this an incorrect documentation term.
Choice D reason: Vomiting is the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth, driven by coordinated abdominal and diaphragmatic contractions. The patient’s active expulsion into a basin matches this definition, making vomiting the correct term for documentation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Nerve damage from the prosthetic may cause local discomfort, but pain in the entire absent arm suggests phantom limb pain. This is less likely than neural misfiring, so it’s incorrect.
Choice B reason: Heart attack referred pain typically affects the left arm but is unlikely in a prosthetic limb. Phantom limb pain explains pain in the absent arm, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Muscle strain affects existing muscles, not a prosthetic arm. Phantom limb pain, from neural signals in the brain, explains pain in the missing limb, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Phantom limb pain occurs when the brain perceives pain in an amputated limb, common in prosthetic users. This matches Mr. Jones’s pain in his prosthetic arm, making it correct.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: T cells, including cytotoxic and helper T cells, drive cell-mediated immunity by directly attacking infected cells and coordinating immune responses. They target intracellular pathogens and tumors, forming the core of cellular immunity, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: B cells mediate humoral immunity, producing antibodies against extracellular pathogens. While critical for immune defense, they do not directly drive cell-mediated responses, which rely on T-cell activity, making this incorrect for cell-mediated immunity.
Choice C reason: “None of the above” is incorrect, as T cells play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. Their functions, like cytotoxicity and cytokine production, are essential for this immune response, making this an invalid choice.
Choice D reason: “All of the above” is incorrect, as only T cells, not B cells, are primarily responsible for cell-mediated immunity. B cells support humoral immunity, not the cellular response driven by T cells, making this an incorrect choice.
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