Phases of AIDS.
Latent phase, infection, seroconversion, AIDS
Exposure, infection, seroconversion, AIDS
Infection, seroconversion, AIDS, symptomatic AIDS
Acute phase, window phase, latency phase, AIDS
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Latent phase follows seroconversion, not precedes infection. The correct sequence—exposure, infection, seroconversion, AIDS—reflects HIV progression. This option misorders the phases, making it incorrect for AIDS development.
Choice B reason: AIDS progresses through exposure (virus contact), infection (HIV enters body), seroconversion (antibody detection), and AIDS (advanced disease). This sequence accurately describes the disease’s history, making it correct.
Choice C reason: Symptomatic AIDS is not a distinct phase; AIDS itself is symptomatic. The standard progression includes exposure, infection, seroconversion, and AIDS, so “symptomatic AIDS” is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Window phase is part of seroconversion, not separate, and acute phase is early infection. The sequence—exposure, infection, seroconversion, AIDS—is clearer, so this is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter, regulating neural activity. Unlike dobutamine, a synthetic drug, GABA naturally transmits signals across synapses, so this is incorrect as the non-neurotransmitter.
Choice B reason: Norepinephrine and epinephrine are catecholamine neurotransmitters, critical for autonomic and central nervous system signaling. Dobutamine is not a neurotransmitter, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in reward, movement, and mood. Dobutamine, a cardiac medication, does not function as a neurotransmitter, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Dobutamine is a synthetic beta-agonist for heart failure, not a neurotransmitter. GABA, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine transmit neural signals, making dobutamine the correct exception.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Yellowing of the sclera (icterus) is expected with high bilirubin in cirrhosis, as impaired liver function causes bilirubin accumulation. Conjugated bilirubin deposits in the sclera, visible early due to its vascularity, making this a correct clinical finding.
Choice B reason: Dark brown urine results from excess conjugated bilirubin excreted by the kidneys in cirrhosis. High bilirubin levels overwhelm liver clearance, leading to bilirubinuria, which darkens urine, making this a correct and common finding in this condition.
Choice C reason: Frothy light-colored urine is not associated with high bilirubin. Light urine suggests dilute urine or low bilirubin excretion, opposite to the dark urine seen in cirrhosis, making this an incorrect finding for this patient’s condition.
Choice D reason: Jaundice of the skin occurs with elevated bilirubin in cirrhosis, as bilirubin deposits in tissues. This yellowish discoloration is a hallmark of liver dysfunction, reflecting impaired bilirubin metabolism, making this a correct clinical manifestation.
Choice E reason: Bluish mucous membranes suggest cyanosis from hypoxemia, not related to high bilirubin. Cirrhosis causes jaundice, not oxygenation issues, unless complicated by other conditions, making this an incorrect finding for this patient.
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