A school nurse is conducting a staff in-service for other school nurses on idiopathic scoliosis. During which period of child development does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable?
When toddler begins to walk
Preadolescent growth spurt
Late adolescence
Newborn period
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is b. Preadolescent growth spurt
Choice A reason:
Idiopathic scoliosis is not typically noticeable when a toddler begins to walk. At this stage, the spine is still developing, and any curvature is usually not significant enough to be detected. Idiopathic scoliosis most commonly becomes noticeable during periods of rapid growth, which occur later in childhood.
Choice B Reason:
The preadolescent growth spurt is the period when idiopathic scoliosis becomes most noticeable. This is because the rapid growth during this time can exacerbate the curvature of the spine. Idiopathic scoliosis often becomes apparent between the ages of 10 and 18 years, when children experience significant growth spurts.
Choice C Reason:
Late adolescence is not the period when idiopathic scoliosis becomes most noticeable. By this time, most children have completed their major growth spurts, and any scoliosis would likely have been detected earlier. The condition is typically identified during the preadolescent growth spurt.
Choice D Reason:
The newborn period is not associated with the development of idiopathic scoliosis. While congenital scoliosis can be present at birth, idiopathic scoliosis develops later in childhood, particularly during periods of rapid growth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Opioid analgesics are not given as a last resort solely because of the threat of addiction. While the risk of addiction is a concern, opioids are often necessary for managing severe pain, especially in conditions like sickle cell anemia. The American Society of Hematology guidelines emphasize the importance of effective pain management in sickle cell disease, which often includes the use of opioids. The goal is to manage pain effectively while monitoring for signs of misuse or addiction.
Choice B reason:
Opioid analgesics are often ordered and are usually needed for managing severe pain in patients with sickle cell anemia. Pain episodes in sickle cell disease can be extremely severe and debilitating, requiring potent analgesics like morphine for relief. The management of acute vaso-occlusive pain in sickle cell disease often necessitates the use of opioids to provide adequate pain control.
Choice C reason:
Opioid analgesics, when medically indicated and used under proper medical supervision, rarely cause addiction. The risk of addiction is significantly lower when opioids are used appropriately for pain management in a controlled medical setting. The Mayo Clinic highlights that while opioids have addictive properties, their medical use for pain relief, especially in acute settings, is generally safe when monitored by healthcare professionals.
Choice D reason:
Opioid analgesics are not used only if other measures, such as ice packs, are ineffective. While non-pharmacological measures can be part of pain management, opioids are often necessary for managing severe pain episodes in sickle cell disease. The use of opioids is based on the severity of the pain and the clinical judgment of the healthcare provider.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the first-line treatment for children with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration. ORS contains a precise balance of electrolytes and glucose, which helps to rehydrate the child effectively by promoting the absorption of water and electrolytes in the intestines. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend ORS as the preferred treatment for dehydration caused by diarrhea. It is effective, easy to administer, and can be given at home or in a healthcare setting.
Choice B reason:
Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric are not recommended for children with acute diarrhea. These medications can slow down the movement of the intestines, which may prolong the infection and increase the risk of complications. Additionally, they do not address the underlying cause of dehydration. The primary goal in managing acute diarrhea is to rehydrate the child, which is best achieved with ORS.
Choice C reason:
Clear liquids, such as water, broth, or diluted fruit juices, can be used to provide some hydration, but they do not contain the necessary electrolytes to effectively treat moderate dehydration. Clear liquids alone are not sufficient to replace the lost electrolytes and fluids caused by diarrhea. ORS is specifically formulated to address these needs and is more effective in rehydrating the child.
Choice D reason:
Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin, are not recommended for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. These substances can bind to the contents of the intestines and may reduce the frequency of stools, but they do not address the underlying dehydration. The primary focus should be on rehydration with ORS, which provides the necessary electrolytes and fluids to restore the child’s hydration status.
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