Which clinical manifestation would be seen in a child with chronic renal failure?
Hypokalemia
Oliguria
Hypotension
Massive hematuria
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is not typically associated with chronic renal failure. In fact, chronic renal failure often leads to hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood. This occurs because the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively, leading to its accumulation in the body. Therefore, hypokalemia is not a clinical manifestation of chronic renal failure.
Choice B reason:
Oliguria, or reduced urine output, is a common clinical manifestation of chronic renal failure2. As the kidneys lose their ability to filter and excrete waste products, urine production decreases. This reduction in urine output is a key indicator of declining kidney function and is often observed in children with chronic renal failure. Monitoring urine output is crucial in assessing the progression of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment.
Choice C reason:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not typically seen in chronic renal failure. Instead, hypertension, or high blood pressure, is more commonly associated with chronic renal failure. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, and when they are not functioning properly, it can lead to an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, hypotension is not a clinical manifestation of chronic renal failure.
Choice D reason:
Massive hematuria, or the presence of a large amount of blood in the urine, is not a typical clinical manifestation of chronic renal failure. While hematuria can occur in some kidney conditions, it is not a defining feature of chronic renal failure. Chronic renal failure is more commonly associated with symptoms such as oliguria, fatigue, and swelling due to fluid retention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is b. Preadolescent growth spurt
Choice A reason:
Idiopathic scoliosis is not typically noticeable when a toddler begins to walk. At this stage, the spine is still developing, and any curvature is usually not significant enough to be detected. Idiopathic scoliosis most commonly becomes noticeable during periods of rapid growth, which occur later in childhood.
Choice B Reason:
The preadolescent growth spurt is the period when idiopathic scoliosis becomes most noticeable. This is because the rapid growth during this time can exacerbate the curvature of the spine. Idiopathic scoliosis often becomes apparent between the ages of 10 and 18 years, when children experience significant growth spurts.
Choice C Reason:
Late adolescence is not the period when idiopathic scoliosis becomes most noticeable. By this time, most children have completed their major growth spurts, and any scoliosis would likely have been detected earlier. The condition is typically identified during the preadolescent growth spurt.
Choice D Reason:
The newborn period is not associated with the development of idiopathic scoliosis. While congenital scoliosis can be present at birth, idiopathic scoliosis develops later in childhood, particularly during periods of rapid growth.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Weight gain is not a primary concern in the management of hypothyroidism in infancy. While hypothyroidism can lead to weight gain due to a slower metabolism, the more critical issue is the impact on brain development. Early and adequate treatment of hypothyroidism is essential to prevent intellectual disabilities and ensure normal neurocognitive outcomes.
Choice B Reason:
Rapid gut motility and diarrhea are not typical symptoms of hypothyroidism. In fact, hypothyroidism is more commonly associated with constipation due to a slower metabolism. Therefore, this choice is not relevant to the prompt management of hypothyroidism in infancy.
Choice C Reason:
Infancy is indeed a critical period for brain development. Untreated hypothyroidism during this time can lead to severe intellectual disabilities and developmental delays. Early diagnosis and treatment with thyroid hormone replacement are crucial to ensure normal brain development and cognitive function.
Choice D Reason:
Hyperactivity and irritability are not common symptoms of hypothyroidism. In fact, hypothyroidism often leads to lethargy and decreased activity levels. Therefore, this choice is not relevant to the prompt management of hypothyroidism in infancy.
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