The diabetic ketoacidosis associated with insulin deficiency is related to:
Extracellular hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Use of fat and protein as an energy source
Increased cellular metabolism of glucose
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Extracellular hyperglycemia refers to high blood sugar levels outside the cells. While hyperglycemia is a common feature of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), it is not the direct cause of the condition. DKA occurs when the body cannot use glucose for energy due to a lack of insulin, leading to the breakdown of fat and protein for energy, which produces ketones and causes acidosis.
Choice B Reason:
Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is not associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. In fact, DKA is characterized by high blood sugar levels. Hypoglycemia is a separate condition that can occur in individuals with diabetes, particularly if they take too much insulin or skip meals.
Choice C Reason:
The use of fat and protein as an energy source is the primary mechanism behind diabetic ketoacidosis. When insulin is deficient, the body cannot utilize glucose for energy. As a result, it breaks down fat and protein to produce energy. This process generates ketones, which are acidic and lead to the development of ketoacidosis.
Choice D Reason:
Increased cellular metabolism of glucose is not related to diabetic ketoacidosis. In DKA, the problem is that cells cannot use glucose effectively due to a lack of insulin. Instead, the body resorts to breaking down fat and protein for energy, leading to the production of ketones and acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is
A. Waddling gait
B. Kyphosis
C. Lordosis
D. Scoliosis
E. Gower sign
Choice A reason
Waddling gait: Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) often exhibit a waddling gait due to progressive muscle weakness, particularly in the pelvic girdle muscles. This gait pattern is a compensatory mechanism to maintain balance and mobility despite weakened muscles. The waddling gait is one of the early signs of DMD and typically becomes noticeable between the ages of 2 and 6 years.
Choice B Reason
Kyphosis: Kyphosis, an excessive outward curvature of the spine, can develop in children with DMD as the disease progresses. Muscle weakness and imbalance, particularly in the back muscles, contribute to this spinal deformity. Kyphosis can lead to discomfort, respiratory issues, and further mobility challenges, necessitating close monitoring and intervention.
Choice C Reason
Lordosis: Lordosis, an exaggerated inward curvature of the lower spine, is another common finding in children with DMD. This condition often develops as a compensatory mechanism to maintain an upright posture despite weakened hip and thigh muscles. Lordosis can cause lower back pain and impact overall posture and gait.
Choice D Reason
Scoliosis: Scoliosis, a lateral curvature of the spine, frequently occurs in children with DMD due to progressive muscle weakness and imbalance. As the disease advances, scoliosis can become more pronounced, leading to discomfort, respiratory complications, and further functional limitations. Early detection and management are crucial to mitigate these effects.
Choice E Reason
Gower sign: The Gower sign is a classic clinical indicator of DMD. It refers to the maneuver children with DMD use to rise from the floor, involving the use of their hands to “walk” up their legs due to proximal muscle weakness. This sign is typically observed in early childhood and is a key diagnostic feature of DMD1.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Measuring the abdominal girth is a useful assessment tool in cases of suspected abdominal distension or fluid accumulation. However, in the context of intussusception, the passage of a currant jelly-like stool is a more critical indicator of the condition. While measuring abdominal girth can provide additional information, it is not the most appropriate immediate action in this scenario.
Choice B reason:
Notifying the practitioner as this is not a typical finding is incorrect because the passage of currant jelly-like stool is a classic symptom of intussusception. This stool appearance results from a mixture of mucus and blood due to the telescoping of the intestine, which compromises blood flow and causes ischemia. Therefore, this finding should be documented as expected rather than considered atypical.
Choice C reason:
Documenting the passage of currant jelly-like stool as an expected finding and planning to move forward with the procedure is the most appropriate action. This stool appearance is a hallmark sign of intussusception, indicating that the condition is present and needs to be addressed promptly. The radiologist-guided pneumoenema is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that can help resolve the intussusception by using air pressure to unfold the telescoped segment of the intestine. Therefore, documenting this finding and proceeding with the planned intervention is crucial.
Choice D reason:
Auscultating for bowel sounds is a standard nursing assessment technique to evaluate gastrointestinal function. However, in the context of intussusception, the passage of currant jelly-like stool is a more definitive indicator of the condition. While auscultating for bowel sounds can provide additional information about bowel activity, it is not the most appropriate immediate action in this scenario.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today