Peripheral chemoreceptors that regulate breathing are located in the:
Carotid artery and aorta
Cerebellum and pons
Coronary sinus and alveoli
Brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava
The Correct Answer is A
A. Carotid artery and aorta contain the carotid bodies and aortic bodies, which are peripheral chemoreceptors. These structures detect changes in blood oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels, sending signals to the respiratory centers to adjust breathing accordingly.
B. The cerebellum and pons are parts of the brain involved in motor control and respiratory rhythm, respectively, but do not contain peripheral chemoreceptors.
C. The coronary sinus and alveoli are not involved in detecting chemical changes in the blood for breathing regulation. The coronary sinus drains blood from the heart muscle, and the alveoli are sites of gas exchange, not chemoreception.
D. The brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava are large veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart but do not house chemoreceptors involved in respiratory regulation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A small amount of carbon dioxide is transported dissolved in plasma, but this accounts for only about 5–10% of the total CO₂ in the blood.
B. Some carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin, but this form carries only about 20–30% of CO₂.
C. Albumin primarily transports hormones, fatty acids, and other substances—not carbon dioxide.
D. The majority of carbon dioxide (about 60–70%) is carried in the blood as bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻). This occurs through a reaction where CO₂ combines with water to form carbonic acid, which then dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Epistaxis refers to nosebleed, which is unrelated to lung function or expansion.
B. Effusion refers to the accumulation of fluid (such as pleural effusion, where fluid collects in the pleural space around the lungs), not incomplete lung expansion.
C. Atelectasis is the collapse or incomplete expansion of a lung or part of a lung, which can occur due to blockage, pressure, or injury.
D. Adhesion refers to abnormal fibrous connections between tissues, which can occur in the body after injury or surgery, but it does not refer to incomplete lung expansion
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