A patient presents to the Level I trauma center after being involved in a 70-car pile-up on Interstate 35. He has multiple injuries and was crushed between several cars. This is a life-threatening injury, and he has severe muscle trauma. What is your suspicion regarding the possible complications this patient might be experiencing? (Select all that apply)

Ms. Major, a 60-year-old female, presents to the emergency department after falling off a 25-foot ladder while cleaning the gutters. She complains of right-sided hip pain and is unable to bear weight. She has contusions on her right side and some scrapes and scratches but denies hitting her head or sustaining other injuries. She is diagnosed with a hip fracture. Ms. Major is a small-framed woman, very active, follows a healthy diet, and is well engaged in her community with many friends. What factor(s) make her more at risk for a hip fracture?

What is a clinical manifestation of right-sided heart failure?

While on tour, a 32-year-old male musician has presented to the emergency department of a hospital after a concert complaining of severe and sudden abdominal pain. He admits to a history of copious alcohol use in recent years, and his vital signs include temperature 101.3°F, blood pressure 89/46 mm Hg, and heart rate 116 beats per minute. Blood work indicates that his serum levels of C-reactive protein, amylase, and lipase are all elevated. Which of the following diagnoses would the care team suspect first?

A 65-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with complaints of new-onset memory loss. Her family reports that she has been forgetting recent events, repeating questions, and misplacing items more frequently over the past few months. She has no significant medical history but has noticed a decline in her cognitive abilities. On examination, she demonstrates difficulty recalling recent events and exhibits word-finding difficulties. Her Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score is 20/30. What is the most likely diagnosis for this patient, and what are the hallmark clinical manifestations? (Select all that apply)

A 20-year-old male is in acute pain with restlessness and anxiety. An arterial blood gas reveals decreased CO2 levels. Which of the following does the nurse suspect is the most likely cause?

The characteristic vascular changes at the site of an injury produce: (Select all that apply)

A 20-year-old male is in acute pain with renal colic. What does the nurse suspect is the most likely cause?

A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory values: arterial pH 7.2; serum glucose 500 mg/dL; positive urine glucose and ketones; serum potassium 2 mEq/L; serum sodium 130 mEq/L. The patient reports that he has been sick with the “flu” for 1 week. What relationship do these values have to his insulin deficiency?

What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?

You are working on the cardiac unit and you have noticed that a patient’s potassium is 6.1 mEq/L. You have notified the provider and removed the banana from his meal tray. When explaining your actions to the patient, which of these statements is appropriate?