(Select all that apply): A nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with hepatitis. Which transmission modes are associated with hepatitis B?

Choice A rationale:

Fulminant hepatitis is a severe and life-threatening complication of hepatitis E, particularly in pregnant women. It can lead to liver failure, and timely monitoring is crucial to detect any early signs of deterioration in the patient's condition. Pregnant women with hepatitis E require close observation and frequent assessment of liver function to ensure prompt intervention if needed.

Choice B rationale:

Administering hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) to exposed contacts is not the priority in managing a patient with hepatitis

E. Hepatitis E is caused by a different virus (hepatitis E virus) and is not effectively prevented by hepatitis B immunoglobulin.

Choice C rationale:

Educating the patient about the benefits of hepatitis C vaccine is not relevant to the care of a patient with hepatitis

E. These are two different types of viral hepatitis, caused by distinct viruses (hepatitis C virus and hepatitis E virus), and each requires specific management.

Choice D rationale:

Advising the patient to avoid sexual contact until cleared of infection is important in some cases, but it is not the priority intervention for a patient with hepatitis

E. The primary concern in hepatitis E is monitoring for complications, especially in pregnant women, as discussed in choice A rationale.

Choice B rationale:

Encouraging the client to rest and limit physical activity is an essential nursing intervention for a client with acute hepatitis

A. Rest is crucial for liver recovery and reducing the risk of complications. Physical activity can put additional stress on the liver and may worsen symptoms. The client should avoid alcohol and any medications that can potentially harm the liver during this period.

Choice A rationale:

Isolating the client in a negative pressure room is not necessary for acute hepatitis

A. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, and standard precautions are sufficient to prevent its spread. Negative pressure rooms are usually reserved for clients with airborne infections, such as tuberculosis.

Choice C rationale:

Administering live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine is not indicated for a client with acute hepatitis

A. The vaccine is used for pre-exposure prophylaxis and is not effective in treating an active infection.

Choice D rationale:

Providing antiviral medications to treat the infection is not a standard intervention for acute hepatitis

A. Antiviral therapy is generally reserved for chronic hepatitis B and C infections and is not effective for acute hepatitis A, which usually resolves on its own with supportive care.